careers Crossword Puzzles

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1. that applies manual techniques

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1. Diagnoses, prevents, and treats problems with teeth or mouth issues

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6. A 1948 American initiative to provide over $13 billion in economic aid to help rebuild Western Europe after WWII. The goal was to promote economic recovery and prevent the spread of communism by strengthening democratic governments.
7. (1950–1953)A war between communist North Korea (supported by China and the USSR) and democratic South Korea (supported by the U.S. and UN forces). It ended in an armistice, with Korea still divided at the 38th parallel. It was one of the first major proxy wars of the Cold War.
8. A U.S. foreign policy developed after WWII to prevent the spread of communism. It was based on the idea that the Soviet Union was trying to expand its influence, and the U.S. had to "contain" it by supporting anti-communist governments and movements.
11. A 1947 U.S. policy that pledged support for countries resisting communism, particularly Greece and Turkey. It marked the beginning of the U.S. commitment to containment and signaled a shift toward active involvement in global Cold War conflicts.
12. Leader of the Soviet Union from the 1920s until his death in 1953. He was a key figure in the start of the Cold War, establishing a communist bloc in Eastern Europe and maintaining a totalitarian regime. His policies contributed to the division of Europe and growing tension with the West.
14. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was a one-party communist state that existed from 1922 to 1991. As a superpower, it was the main rival to the United States during the Cold War. The USSR controlled much of Eastern Europe and supported communist movements around the world. It collapsed in 1991, ending the Cold War.
18. (1962)A 13-day confrontation between the U.S. and the USSR over Soviet nuclear missiles placed in Cuba. It brought the world to the brink of nuclear war before a peaceful agreement was reached. It is considered the closest the Cold War came to turning into a nuclear conflict.
21. (1947–1991)A period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies. It involved political, military, and ideological rivalry, including arms races, proxy wars, and threats of nuclear conflict, but no direct large-scale fighting between the superpowers.
22. A 1955 military alliance formed by the Soviet Union and its Eastern European allies in response to NATO. It solidified the division of Europe into two opposing military blocs. It lasted until the end of the Cold War.
23. An economic system in which private individuals or corporations own and control property and businesses, operating for profit in a competitive market. It was the foundation of the U.S. economy and was seen as the ideological opposite of Soviet communism during the Cold War.

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1. 33rd President of the United States (1945–1953). He led the U.S. at the start of the Cold War, authorized the use of atomic bombs on Japan, and developed key Cold War policies like the Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, and containment strategy.
2. (1945)A meeting between Harry Truman (USA), Winston Churchill (later replaced by Clement Attlee), and Joseph Stalin to finalize post-WWII plans. Unlike Yalta, tensions were higher as the U.S. had successfully tested the atomic bomb, and Stalin began asserting control over Eastern Europe. The conference increased mistrust between the Allies.
3. An international organization created after World War I to maintain peace and prevent future conflicts. It failed to stop aggression in the 1930s, and its weaknesses led to the creation of the United Nations after World War II. Though it wasn't part of the Cold War, its failure influenced Cold War diplomacy.
4. A 1945 meeting of Allied leaders Franklin D. Roosevelt (USA), Winston Churchill (UK), and Joseph Stalin (USSR) near the end of WWII. They discussed the post-war division of Europe, including the occupation of Germany. Agreements made here helped set the stage for Cold War divisions.
5. A period of intense anti-communist suspicion in the U.S. during the early 1950s, led by Senator Joseph McCarthy. It involved aggressive investigations and accusations of communist activity, often without proper evidence, resulting in ruined reputations and careers.
9. A term used by Winston Churchill in 1946 to describe the growing division between democratic Western Europe and communist Eastern Europe under Soviet control. It symbolized the ideological and physical boundary separating the two blocs during the Cold War.
10. A conflict in which opposing superpowers support different sides but do not fight each other directly. Proxy wars allowed the U.S. and USSR to compete globally without engaging in direct military confrontation. Examples include the Korean War, Vietnam War, and Soviet-Afghan War.
13. During the Cold War, this became a powerful tool that shaped public opinion. It brought real-time images of the Vietnam War into American homes, fueling anti-war sentiment. It also covered major events like the Watergate scandal, contributing to growing distrust in government.
15. (1955–1975)A Cold War conflict in which the U.S. supported South Vietnam against the communist North, led by Ho Chi Minh and backed by the Soviet Union and China. It ended in U.S. withdrawal and the unification of Vietnam under communist rule. It deeply divided American society.
16. (1948–1949)A Western response to the Soviet blockade of West Berlin. The U.S. and its allies flew in food, fuel, and supplies for nearly a year to support the people of West Berlin. It was a major early Cold War victory for the West and showed resistance to Soviet pressure.
17. A military alliance formed in 1949 between the U.S., Canada, and several Western European nations. It was created to provide collective security against the Soviet Union, stating that an attack on one member would be treated as an attack on all.
19. Nations An international organization founded in 1945 to promote peace, cooperation, and human rights. It played a role in Cold War diplomacy and peacekeeping, although its effectiveness was sometimes limited by U.S.-Soviet rivalry on the Security Council.
20. A technological and ideological competition between the United States and the Soviet Union to achieve significant milestones in space exploration. Sparked by the launch of the Soviet satellite Sputnik in 1957, the Space Race included the first human in space (Yuri Gagarin) and the first moon landing by the U.S. in 1969. It symbolized the broader Cold War rivalry.
21. A political and economic ideology advocating for a classless society in which all property and production are owned collectively by the state or the people. During the Cold War, communism was promoted by the Soviet Union and seen by the United States as a threat to democracy and capitalism.

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4. Classification of physician who focuses on ensuring proper alignment of the spine and optimal operation of the nervous and muscular systems to maintain health.
7. Classification of physician who diagnoses, treats, and prevents diseases or disorders.
11. Individuals who, working under the supervision of psychiatrists or psychologists, help patients and their families follow treatment and rehabilitation plans.
12. A licensed individual who works with a dentist to provide care and treatment for the teeth and gums.
19. Individuals who assist patients who have difficulty coping with various problems by helping them make adjustments in their lives and/or referring them to community resources for assistance.
20. Degree awarded by a college or university after a person has completed a four-year course of study or its equivalent.
22. Individuals who promote, sell, and educate clients, sales associates, and the public about health care products and services.
24. Individuals who work under the supervision of dietitians and assist with food preparation and service, help patients select menus, clean work areas, and assist other dietary workers; also called food service workers.
25. Individuals who, under physicians’ orders, treat patients with heart and lung diseases by administering oxygen, gases, or medications; using exercise to improve breathing; monitoring ventilators; and performing diagnostic respiratory function tests.
26. Individuals who identify diagnoses, procedures, and services shown in a patient’s health care record and assign specific codes to each; also called coding specialists.
27. Individuals who specializes in the science of diet and nutrition.
29. Individuals who specializes in the science of diet and nutrition.
30. Individual specializing in diagnosis and treatment of hearing disorders.
32. The issuing of a statement or certificate by a professional organization to a person who has met the requirements of education and/or experience and who meets the standards set by the organization.
33. Individuals who teach people the behaviors that promote wellness by evaluating, designing, presenting, recommending, and disseminating culturally appropriate health education information and materials.
37. Individuals who work under the supervision of physicians and take medical histories, perform routine physical examinations and basic diagnostic tests, make preliminary diagnoses, treat minor injuries, and prescribe and administer treatments.
38. Medical researchers that work with patients and doctors to test and evaluate effectiveness as well as safety of new drugs.
39. Doctors who specialize in diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases of the teeth and gums.
41. An individual who assists with cardiac catheterization and angioplasty procedures, monitors patients during open-heart surgery, and performs tests to check circulation in blood vessels.
44. Individuals who make and repair a variety of dental prostheses such as dentures, crowns, bridges, and orthodontic appliances.
45. Individuals who oversee buildings, grounds, equipment, and supplies.
46. Individuals who identify, evaluate, and treat patients with speech and language disorders; also called speech therapists or speech scientists.
47. Individuals who identify and tract diseases as they occur in a group of people.
48. Individuals who, working under the supervision of RNs or LPNs/LVNs, provide patient care such as baths, bed making, and feeding; assist in transfer and ambulation; and administer basic treatments.
49. Individuals who feed, bathe, and groom animals; exercise animals; prepare animals for treatment; assist with examinations; clean and sanitize cages, examination tables, and surgical areas; and maintain records; also called animal caretakers.
50. Individuals who manage and operate a funeral home; also called morticians or undertakers.

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1. Individuals who design, plan, and conduct experiments and trials to study the safety and biological effects of chemical agents, drugs, and other substances on the body.
2. Individuals who are trained to work in the patient’s home and may perform additional duties such as meal preparation or cleaning.
3. Individuals who study and review the history, philosophy, theology, medical research, and sociology of health care to make judgments about treatment options and the effectiveness of these options as they relate to ethical standards regarding patient rights, quality of life, privacy, death, and how health care funds and resources should be allocated.
5. Individuals who work under the supervision of pharmacists to help prepare medication for dispensing and perform other duties as directed by pharmacists.
6. Degree awarded by a vocational-technical school or community college after successful completion of a two-year course of study or its equivalent.
8. Licensed individuals who work under the direction of physicians to provide total care to patients.
9. Medical doctors specializing in diseases, disorders, and injuries of the eyes.
10. Secondary education programs that prepare a student for immediate employment in many health care careers or for additional education after graduation.
13. Individuals who test materials and products before, during, and after production to make sure the characteristics of the material or product are correct and to ensure they conform to specifications.
14. Medical researchers that work with patients and doctors to test and evaluate effectiveness as well as safety of new drugs.
15. An individual who makes or sells lenses, eyeglasses, and other optical supplies.
16. Individuals who work to prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases and injuries in animals.
17. Individuals who work under the supervision of registered or licensed practical nurses to provide basic patient care.
18. Surgery on the teeth, mouth, and/or jaw and facial bones; also called maxillofacial surgery.
21. Degree awarded by a college or university after completion of one or more years of prescribed study beyond a bachelor’s degree.
23. Individuals who work under the supervision of ophthalmologists, optometrists, and/or ophthalmic medical technologists or technicians to prepare patients for examinations, measure visual acuity, perform receptionist duties, help patients with frame selections and fittings, order lenses, perform minor adjustments and repairs of glasses, and teach proper care and use of contact lenses.
28. Individuals who work under the supervision of dentists to prepare a patient for dental procedures and assist with the procedures.
31. Individuals who study living organisms and assist in the development of vaccines, medicines, and treatments for diseases; evaluate the relationship between organisms and the environment; and administer the programs for testing food and drugs.
34. Individuals who study genes and how they are inherited, mutated, and activated, or inactivated.
35. Doctors who examine patients, obtain medical histories, order tests, make diagnoses, perform surgery, treat diseases/disorders, and teach preventive health.
36. Individuals who organize books, journals, and other print materials to provide health information to other health care professionals; also called health sciences librarians.
40. Degree awarded by a college or university after completion of a prescribed course of study beyond a bachelor’s or master’s degree.
42. Physicians who specialize in diagnosing and treating mental illness.
43. An individual who can perform all of the basic emergency medical technician duties in addition to in-depth patient assessment and care; the highest level of an emergency medical technician.

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1. around the arm

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1. The national occupational competency testing institute is taken in the 4th quarter. This comprehensive test is broken into a computerixed portion covering all taught topics and 6 hands on skills performance assessment

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1. type of engineer who designs airplanes

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1. Doctor who treats teeth and the mouth

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2. An object that orbits around a celestial body. Satellites can be natural, like moons, or artificial, which are human-made objects placed in space to perform specific tasks. Artificial satellites are used for communication, weather monitoring, navigation, and scientific research. They are launched into space by rockets and provide valuable data and services to people on Earth.
4. A natural satellite that orbits around a planet. Moons are smaller than planets and can have various shapes and sizes. Our planet Earth has one moon, which is an important celestial object that affects ocean tides and has been explored by astronauts. Moons can have diverse landscapes and provide opportunities for scientific research and space exploration.
5. A scientist who studies celestial objects, such as stars, planets, galaxies, and other phenomena in space. Astronomers use telescopes, satellites, and computer simulations to observe, analyze, and interpret data about the universe. They make important discoveries, develop theories, and deepen our understanding of the cosmos. Astronomers play a vital role in unraveling the mysteries of space and expanding our knowledge of the vastness beyond Earth.
7. Hole A region in space with an extremely strong gravitational pull that nothing, not even light, can escape from. Black holes are formed from the remnants of massive stars that have collapsed under their own gravity. They have a profound influence on their surroundings and play a crucial role in the structure and evolution of galaxies. While they cannot be directly observed, their effects can be detected and studied by scientists using specialized instruments and techniques.
9. A vehicle designed to travel and operate in space. Spacecraft can be manned or unmanned and are used for various purposes, such as scientific research, satellite deployment, and exploration missions. They are equipped with advanced technology to withstand the harsh conditions of space and carry out specific tasks. Spacecraft enable us to study distant objects, gather data, and expand our knowledge of the universe.
11. A small celestial object that enters Earth's atmosphere and burns up due to friction, resulting in a bright streak of light known as a shooting star. Meteors are often debris from comets or asteroids. They can be observed during meteor showers and provide a captivating display in the night sky. Studying meteors helps scientists understand the composition of celestial objects and their interaction with Earth's atmosphere.
13. Station A large structure or spacecraft designed to support human habitation and scientific research in space. Space stations orbit around the Earth and provide living quarters and workspaces for astronauts. They serve as bases for long-duration missions and enable scientists to conduct experiments in microgravity. Space stations are international collaborations and symbolize humanity's achievements in space exploration and cooperation.
14. A vast cloud of gas and dust in space. Nebulas are often regions where new stars are formed. They can have different shapes and colors, and some are visible from Earth. Nebulas are captivating subjects for astronomers and provide insights into the life cycle of stars and the dynamics of the universe.

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1. An instrument used to observe distant objects in space. Telescopes can collect and magnify light, allowing astronomers to study celestial bodies that are far away. They come in different sizes and types, including optical telescopes and radio telescopes. Telescopes have revolutionized our understanding of the universe and continue to contribute to new discoveries and knowledge about galaxies, stars, and planets.
3. A large system of stars, gas, dust, and other celestial objects bound together by gravity. Galaxies can be spiral-shaped, elliptical, or irregular and contain billions or even trillions of stars. Our Milky Way galaxy is home to our solar system, and there are billions of other galaxies in the universe. Galaxies have diverse structures and play a crucial role in shaping the universe and providing a vast canvas for exploration and discovery.
6. A vehicle designed to travel through space. Rockets use propulsion systems to generate thrust and lift off from Earth's surface. They carry astronauts, satellites, and other cargo into space. Rockets have played a crucial role in space exploration and have allowed humans to reach the moon and send robotic missions to other planets. They are technological marvels and are essential for launching spacecraft beyond Earth's atmosphere.
8. A person who travels to space. Astronauts are highly trained individuals who conduct scientific research, perform experiments, and explore outer space. They travel in spacecraft and may spend time on space stations. Astronauts contribute to our understanding of space, help develop technologies, and inspire future generations to pursue careers in science and space exploration.
9. A luminous ball of hot gas that generates its own light and heat through nuclear fusion. Stars are present in galaxies and are incredibly far away from Earth. The Sun is the closest star to us and provides light and heat necessary for life on our planet. Stars come in different sizes, colors, and temperatures, and studying them helps scientists understand the universe's composition and evolution.
10. A celestial object composed of ice, dust, and rock that orbits around the Sun. Comets have distinct orbits and sometimes develop a visible coma (a glowing cloud) and a tail when they approach the Sun. They can be observed from Earth during certain periods and have fascinated people for centuries. Comets provide valuable information about the early solar system and its composition.
12. A celestial body that orbits around a star. Planets are large and spherical in shape and do not produce their own light but reflect the light of the star they orbit. There are eight known planets in our solar system, including Earth, which is the planet we live on. Planets can have unique features like atmospheres, moons, and different surface conditions. They are fascinating to study and provide insights into the vastness of the universe.
13. System The system consisting of the Sun, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, and other celestial objects that orbit around the Sun. Our solar system is just one among many in the universe. It formed approximately 4.6 billion years ago and provides a home for our planet, Earth. The study of the solar system helps us understand the dynamics of planetary systems, the conditions necessary for life, and the unique characteristics of our own celestial neighborhood.

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1. infarction

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2. Vascular Accident

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2. The VSU campus is known for its __________ _________ style of architecture. (2 words)
4. VSU’s STEAM Center for Applied _____ and ______ serves as a resource and training facility for elementary, middle, and high school teachers wanting to learn new ways to educate, support, encourage, and inspire the students in their classrooms.
8. The area known as VSU’s Main Campus was originally owned by Colonel W.S. _______, who gifted the property to the state to establish a college in Valdosta. (1 word)
11. A blaze shines brightest ____ _____ ______. VSU believes that every Blazer has what it takes to create a success story that’s all their own. (3 words)
12. VSU’s partnership with _____ ______ Foundation of Georgia allows faculty and students to help children struggling with reading and related issues get the help they need to be successful in school. VSU’s Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders began testing elementary school students for dyslexia in 2019. In early 2022 the project expanded to include one-on-one intervention services to children after school. (2 words)
15. Under President Richard A. Carvajal’s leadership, VSU created the Center for South Georgia ______ _______, which allows faculty, staff, and students to enhance innovation through knowledge exchange and address real-world problems. (2 words)
17. Student enrollment doubled under the leadership of the college’s sixth president, ________ _________. He served 23 years. (2 words)
18. This student organization has been entertaining fans at football games for four decades. Its members represent nearly every major on campus. (2 words)
19. Students from VSU’s School of _______ gain valuable, real-world experience while serving the needs of underserved populations all year long. They go where they are most needed and help create healthier communities. (1 word)
23. Many students at VSU enrich their collegiate experience by learning at partner institutions around the globe through ______ _______. (2 words)
24. Powell Library, which is now known as Powell Hall, home to VSU’s Department of Music, was dedicated by this famous First Lady. (2 words)
25. VSU is home to an ____ ______ ROTC program that boasts a state-of-the-art virtual reality flight simulation room conceived and constructed by the cadets. (2 words)
29. The Whitehead ________ Trail was a Christmas gift to the campus in 1944. It winds 1,400 feet through a towering stand of longleaf pines and is a beautiful spot for a walk. (1 word)
30. VSU’s _________ and _________ Clinic offers hearing, communication, and cognitive evaluations as well as therapeutic services to all ages across South Georgia. Services are provided by graduate student-clinicians under the guidance of licensed and certified speech-language pathologists. (2 words)
31. Life after World War II resulted in the former all-female campus becoming a coeducational institution of higher education known as ______ _______ College in 1950. (2 words)
33. During the first few years of South Georgia State Normal College, as VSU was known from 1913 to 1922, most of the students studied for careers as _________. (1 word)
34. This is a collective term for VSU’s students, faculty, staff, alumni, friends, and fans. (2 words)
35. According to the Alma Mater, the campus stands among the _______ ________ of Georgia. (2 words)
36. VSU’s Center for _______________ serves as a catalyst for students seeking the knowledge and resources necessary to turn innovative ideas into sustainable businesses. (1 word)
37. Student researchers spend more than half the year working to protect Valdosta-Lowndes County residents from diseases transmitted from the ________ to humans and animals. (1 word)
38. VSU strives to be a learning environment based on trust and mutual respect. Every student at VSU is encouraged to uphold the university’s core values of community and commit to practicing civility, integrity, and citizenship. This pledge is called ____ ______ ______. (3 words)
39. Located on the campus of VSU, _____ ______ ______ _____ is the Official Musical Theatre of the State of Georgia. It presents three professional musicals in rotating repertory every summer. (4 words)
40. It’s a favorite campus cheer that begins with “Red and Black ______ _______.” (2 words)
41. VSU uses _____ ______ technology to simulate experiential learning opportunities that are not possible in the real world due to safety and other issues. It also helps keep students active and engaged in the learning process. (2 words)

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1. The campus experienced significant physical expansion under the leadership of S. Walter _______ and Ronald _______, the school’s fifth and seventh presidents. (2 words)
3. This event is a favorite campus tradition during the holidays. (4 words)
5. Through ________, faculty and students have developed treatments for cancer, tuberculosis, and more, as well as creative solutions for rebuilding underwater ecosystems. (1 word)
6. VSU’s Center for _____ ______ and ________ offers a full spectrum of cost-effective services designed to meet the rehabilitation, treatment, training, and injury prevention needs of clients of all ages. It educates and trains students while changing lives in the community and providing opportunities for faculty research and practice. (3 words)
7. This VSU-based brief therapy clinic is operated by the Department of Marriage and Family Therapy. Staff, including master’s level student-clinicians, help clients of all ages find solutions to whatever problems they may be experiencing. (1 word)
9. South Georgia State Normal College became a four-year institution of higher education in 1922 and the Georgia Legislature changed its name to ______ _______ ______ College, carving a path for what we know as VSU today. (2 words)
10. VSU is home to one of a few campus-based _____ _____ _____ facilities in the southern region of the United States. Students manage a diversified portfolio, discuss economic news and policies, and use real money for this real stock market experience. (3 words)
13. __________ learning encourages students to apply the knowledge and skills gained in the classroom to a wide range of local, regional, national, and global challenges. (1 word)
14. New Deal programs enabled the campus to expand from three to seven buildings under the third college president’s leadership. His name is Frank Robinson _______. (1 word)
16. Valdosta State’s first intercollegiate athletics team was an all-male _______ team. The school is now home to six men’s and six women’s NCAA DII teams, which have won 52 Gulf South Conference Championships and eight National Championships. (1 word)
20. The doors to this Main Campus destination open nearly a million times each year. It is a hub for student success. (2 words)
21. Children and their families look forward to learning more about science, technology, engineering, and mathematics during these beloved weekend events hosted several times a year by the College of Science and Mathematics. (2 words)
22. The Valdosta Symphony Guild invites community children to discover the sounds of the instruments from the string, woodwind, brass, and percussion families during an annual VSU tradition known as _____ _____ _____. (3 words)
26. A _____ burns brightest in the dark. (1 word)
27. This person was state superintendent of rural schools in Georgia when he was named the first president of what became known as Valdosta State University. He served 20 years. (2 words)
28. Valdosta State University opened in 1913 as South Georgia State Normal College, a training school for ________. (1 word)
32. VSU is incredibly grateful for the generous donors who help create _________ that make it possible for students to pursue their higher education dreams. (1 word)

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5. An informal meeting of local party members to discuss candidates and choose delegates to the party's convention.
7. Short for "photo opportunity," an event staged specifically for news cameras to help a politician appear on the evening news or in morning papers.
8. Vote: The undecided, usually independent, portion of the electorate that can "swing" the outcome of an election one way or the other.
12. The party member who makes sure that all other members are present for crucial votes and that they vote in accordance with the party line. The term originated in British fox hunting, where the "whipper-in" was responsible for keeping the hounds from straying.
13. Mending: What politicians do when they visit their electoral districts to explain an unpopular action. The term originated in 1879, when Ohio Senator John Sherman made a trip home that most people considered a political visit. Sherman insisted, however, that he was home "only to repair my fences."
14. A group seeking to influence an elected official, or the act of doing so. The term originated in the 17th century, when people waiting to speak with legislators at the English House of Commons waited in a large atrium outside the legislators' hall, called the lobby.
16. Balloon: An idea a politician suggests in order to observe the reaction. If public reaction is favorable, the politician takes credit for it; if not, the idea dies quickly.
18. The power of a popular candidate to gather support for other candidates in his or her party. Winning candidates are said to have coattails when they drag candidates for lower office along with them to victory.
19. The practice of smearing people with baseless accusations. Refers to the tactics of Senator Joseph McCarthy, who in the 1950s destroyed the careers of many prominent Americans by branding them Communists.
21. and Balances: The system of dividing power among the three branches of government (executive, legislative, and judicial) to prevent any one from having too much power. Each branch has some authority to check the power of the others, thereby maintaining a balance among the three.
22. (noun) An organized effort to win an election. (verb) To strive for elected office.
24. When a political party chooses its official candidate for a particular office.
27. The candidate chosen by a political party to run for a particular office.
28. Liberal. The labeling system originated from the seating pattern of the French National Assembly, which put liberals on the left, moderates in the middle, and conservatives on the right.
30. The reorganization of voting districts by the party in power to insure more votes for their candidates. The term originated in 1811, when Governor Elbridge Gerry of Massachusetts signed a bill that changed districts to favor the Democrats. The shape of one new district supposedly resembled a salamander, provoking a Boston newspaper editor to say, "Salamander? Call it a Gerrymander!"
32. A political analyst, commentator, or columnist who usually works for a newspaper or magazine, or in broadcasting. Derived from a Hindi phrase meaning "learned one."
33. An attempt by a Senator or group of Senators to obstruct the passage of a bill, favored by the majority, by talking continuously. Because there is no rule in the Senate over how long a member can speak, a Senator can prevent a bill from coming up for a vote by talking endlessly. Senator Strom Thurmond of South Carolina set the record in 1957 by speaking for more than 24 hours without stopping.
34. A state election in which party members vote for a candidate from within their party. The vote determines how many of that state's delegates each candidate gets.
35. Candidates for various offices running as a team; or a group of delegates running on behalf of one candidate.
38. Politics: Politics controlled by a tightly-run organization that stresses discipline and rewards its supporters. Machines are usually found in large cities and are frequently accused of corruption.
40. A leader whose impassioned rhetoric appeals to greed, fear, and hatred, and who often spreads lies. Former U.S. Sen. Joseph McCarthy (see McCarthyism) is often cited as a classic demagogue.

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1. A current officeholder.
2. Burner: Where an issue is placed when it must be dealt with immediately.
3. Barrel: Wasteful and unnecessary projects that politicians secure for their local districts, usually to gain favor with local voters. The term dates from the days when salted pork was occasionally handed out to slaves from large barrels. An observer once wrote that the mad rush of politicians to get their district's share of treasury funds looked like slaves rushing to the pork barrel.
4. An integrated system of ideas about politics, values, and culture. Those who espouse an ideology are sometimes criticized as rigid and narrow-minded.
6. To campaign in person on a local level.
7. The positions that a party adopts, and stands on, at the beginning of an election campaign.
8. A politician's attempt to shape the way the public looks at an issue or event, much the way a tennis player uses spin to direct the ball. Political advisers who spin are known as "spin doctors."
9. Grand Old Party, nickname of the Republican Party.
10. Suicide: A vote or action that is likely to be so unpopular with voters as to cause a politician's probable loss in the next election.
11. Tape: Government paperwork and procedures that are slow and difficult. Stems from an 18th-century British practice of binding official papers with a reddish twine.
15. Majority: The mass of Americans whose opinions are not loud and public, but who together have enormous power. Popularized by President Richard Nixon, who claimed that Vietnam War protesters comprised a minority, while a "silent majority" supported the war.
17. Duck: An officeholder whose term has expired or cannot be continued, who thus has lessened power.
18. A national meeting of a political party, where delegates formally elect a party's nominee.
20. A militant conservative; opposite of "radical," which means ultraliberal.
23. A representative to a party's national convention chosen by local voters to vote for a particular candidate. Each state is assigned a certain number of delegates based on its population.
25. A survey used to gauge public opinion concerning issues or to forecast an election.
26. Room: The sort of place where behind-the-scenes political wheeling and dealing, often devious, occurs. Refers to the penchant of many political operatives for smoking cigars.
29. Expedition: An investigation with no defined purpose, often by one party seeking damaging information about another. Such inquiries are likened to fishing because they pull up whatever they happen to catch.
31. A journalist who seeks out the scandalous activities of public officials. Derived from the Man with the Muck Rake, a character in John Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress, who could never look up, only down.
36. Horse: A long-shot candidate.
37. Chicken Circuit: The endless series of public dinners and luncheons politicians must attend to raise funds and make speeches. The food often includes chicken, which is cooked hours earlier and then reheated, giving it a rubbery texture.
39. the Beltway: The area inside the Capital Beltway, a highway that encircles Washington, D.C. An issue described as "inside the Beltway" is believed to be of concern only to the people who work in and with the federal government and of little interest to the nation at large.
41. Roots: Political activity that originates locally, or arises from ground level.

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3. _____ or psychedelic rock: A style of rock that grew out of the countercultural scene in San Francisco in the late 1960s, featuring extended blues-based improvisations, surrealist lyrics, electronic effects and lavish light-shows
7. Iconic singer-songwriter, deeply influenced by folk figures like Woody Guthrie and the blues, whose songs, like “Blowin’ In The Wind”, defined the 1960s; his poetic lyrics earned him a Nobel Prize in Literature in 2016
9. Singer-songwriter, pianist, and composer who, with his lyricist Bernie Taupin, scored a Top 40 hit single every year between 1970 and 1996, working in a wide variety of styles and genres
13. The ________: a non-contact, freeform dance popular in the early 1960s, popularized by Chubby Checker, which brought rock & roll to a significantly broader audience
14. Dance genre developed by Cuban Americans and Puerto Ricans in New York in the 1960s and 1970s, featuring elements from Cuban son and jazz; it mediates conflicts between tradition and modernity and is a symbol of Latinx identity
15. Panamanian singer and composer; one of the most prominent salsa artists; his collaboration with Willie Colón in “Pedro Navaja” is one of their most famous songs
17. A three-day music festival that took place in upstate NY in 1969 which became iconic of the counterculture
20. Term that replaced rhythm and blues on Billboard in 1964, also used to describe an African American popular music style that rejected the Motown sound in favor of a return to blues and gospel and was associated with the Civil Rights Movement
21. Highly influential British rock band, led by Jimmy Page on guitar and Robert Plant on vocals, which was emulated by heavy metal and hard rock bass of the 70s and 80s
23. Rock guitarist, singer, and songwriter who in the 1960s innovated electric guitar playing with his virtuosic techniques
25. Influential singer known as the Queen of Soul
27. Pianist, singer, and songwriter who was one of the architects of soul, becoming a musician in spite of losing his eyesight at age 6
31. Singer-songwriter who wrote over 100 chart hits in the 1960s before achieving success as a solo performer; she is considered one of the greatest composers of popular music
32. Profoundly influential trumpetist, who spearheaded the development of three major jazz styles: cool jazz, modal jazz, and fusion
33. Country singer and songwriter whobewst represented the honky-tonk inspired genre of hardcore county; he was considered the best singer-songwriter in country since Hank Williams
35. Jamaican singer and songwriter who with his band The Wailers build a worldwide following for reggae, known as a champion of human rights and anti-colonialism
36. Genre that emerged in Jamaica in the late 1960s from ska, rock steady, and rhythm and blues, featuring syncopated guitar, interlocking rhythmic patterns between drums and bass (riddims), and associated with Rastafarianism
37. New Wave band led by David Byrne, with an eclectic post-punk style
39. Singer, songwriter, and producer who produced many hit records in the early 1960s, known for his signature “wall of sound”
40. The _________: Influential California rock band led by Brian Wilson, who reached fame in the arly 1960s through their vocal harmonies and teenage-oriented surf rock, but who in the late 1960s created influential, experimental records like Pet Sounds
41. _____ rock: a folk-based popular music that emerged in the 1960s, inspired by the urban folk revival of the 1940s, associated with the anti-war and civil rights movements
42. Progressive or _________ country: style of country that emerged in the 1970s around Austin, TX, with eclectic influences including folk, rock, jazz, tejano, and mainstream country; it was an alternative to the Nashville sound
43. Popular music of the 1950s and 60s featuring 4-5 singers in close vocal harmonies; the use of vocables for the backup singers gives this style its name
44. ________ Folk Festival: One of the first modern music festivals in the U.S., founded in 1959, which centers around traditional musics from around the world; it boosted or revived many folk musicians’ careers

Down

1. Jazz style that emerged in the late 1960s featuring a combination of elements of rock or funk and jazz, pioneered in albums like Bitches Brew by Miles Davis
2. Influential British Invasion band who adapted rhythm and blues in the early 1960s; their experimental later records influenced rock for years to come, particularly Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band
3. ____ or progressive rock: a style of rock featuring elements of jazz and/or classical music, centered around concept albums and/or live performances
4. Singer and bandleader considered the greatest female rock singer of the 1960s, known for her powerful, emotional, blues-influenced vocals
5. Popular music that appeared in the mid-1960s to describe styles emerging in North America and Britain, featuring an aesthetics of seriousness, experimentation
6. Carlos ________, Mexican-born guitar virtuoso who pioneered Latin rock fusion and has collaborated with many other notable musicians from both sides of the border
8. Latin Jazz style that developed from a combination of samba and cool jazz in the late 1950s and early 60s
10. Range of punk and post-punk styles that emerged in the late 1970s, influenced by the attitude and distortion of punk but with more eclectic and polished elements, including electronic techniques; it influenced the alternative rock of the late 80s and early 90s
11. A rock subgenre that emerged in the mid- to late-1970s as a reaction against the commercialism and pretentiousness of 70s rock, featuring simple chord structures, aggressive lyrics and performance style
12. _______ sound: a term that describes a pop-leaning style of country during the late 1950s and 1960a
16. Office building at 1619 Broadway in New York City, where many songwriting teams were based in the 1960s and 70s
18. Singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, arranger and producer who pioneered the use of synthesizers and concept albums in pop and blended elements of many different genres in his music
19. African American style rooted in soul and blues that developed in the late 60s and early 70s with an emphasis on the bass line, syncopated rhythms and extended vamps based on complex harmonies; it influenced the development of hip hop
22. A practice in which record companies pay radio DJs to play certain records; in the late 1950s, a crackdown on this illegal practice was used to curtail the rise of rock & roll
24. The _____: influential 1970s New York punk band, famous for songs like “I Wanna Be Sedated”
26. The ________: Los Angeles-based country rock band who defined the California sound of the 1970s, perhaps best seen in “Hotel California”
28. A rock subgenre that emerged in the 1970s, featuring distorted guitar sounds, heavier drums and bass, and an emphasis on virtuosic guitar solos; by the early 1980s it was the dominant rock style
29. Singer, songwriter, and actor who in the mid-1970s emerged as a solo artist in the progressive country scene in Austin, TX; he borrows from a wide variety of styles
30. African American songwriter, producer, and entrepreneur, who founded the Motown label in 1959
34. Term used in the 1970s for clubs devoted to the playing of recorded music for dancing; also the musical style that developed for those clubs, with heavy use of synthesizers and a regular, heavily accented beat
38. Detroit-based record company, founded in 1959 by Berry Gordy Jr., known for its roster of prominent African American performers and songwriters, polished production, and hundreds of hit songs that appealed across class, ethnic, and regional boundaries

Across

1. A survey used to gauge public opinion concerning issues or to forecast an election.
2. An informal meeting of local party members to discuss candidates and choose delegates to the party's convention.
4. and Balances: The system of dividing power among the three branches of government (executive, legislative, and judicial) to prevent any one from having too much power. Each branch has some authority to check the power of the others, thereby maintaining a balance among the three.
7. Duck: An officeholder whose term has expired or cannot be continued, who thus has lessened power.
9. A national meeting of a political party, where delegates formally elect a party's nominee.
11. A politician's attempt to shape the way the public looks at an issue or event, much the way a tennis player uses spin to direct the ball. Political advisers who spin are known as "spin doctors."
14. A militant conservative; opposite of "radical," which means ultraliberal.
16. A current officeholder.
20. The positions that a party adopts, and stands on, at the beginning of an election campaign.
21. Room: The sort of place where behind-the-scenes political wheeling and dealing, often devious, occurs. Refers to the penchant of many political operatives for smoking cigars.
22. Vote: The undecided, usually independent, portion of the electorate that can "swing" the outcome of an election one way or the other.
23. The reorganization of voting districts by the party in power to insure more votes for their candidates. The term originated in 1811, when Governor Elbridge Gerry of Massachusetts signed a bill that changed districts to favor the Democrats. The shape of one new district supposedly resembled a salamander, provoking a Boston newspaper editor to say, "Salamander? Call it a Gerrymander!"
25. Suicide: A vote or action that is likely to be so unpopular with voters as to cause a politician's probable loss in the next election.
26. Expedition: An investigation with no defined purpose, often by one party seeking damaging information about another. Such inquiries are likened to fishing because they pull up whatever they happen to catch.
28. A leader whose impassioned rhetoric appeals to greed, fear, and hatred, and who often spreads lies. Former U.S. Sen. Joseph McCarthy (see McCarthyism) is often cited as a classic demagogue.
29. Grand Old Party, nickname of the Republican Party.
30. The power of a popular candidate to gather support for other candidates in his or her party. Winning candidates are said to have coattails when they drag candidates for lower office along with them to victory.
32. The party member who makes sure that all other members are present for crucial votes and that they vote in accordance with the party line. The term originated in British fox hunting, where the "whipper-in" was responsible for keeping the hounds from straying.
34. Horse: A long-shot candidate.
37. Chicken Circuit: The endless series of public dinners and luncheons politicians must attend to raise funds and make speeches. The food often includes chicken, which is cooked hours earlier and then reheated, giving it a rubbery texture.
38. An integrated system of ideas about politics, values, and culture. Those who espouse an ideology are sometimes criticized as rigid and narrow-minded.

Down

1. A state election in which party members vote for a candidate from within their party. The vote determines how many of that state's delegates each candidate gets.
3. Majority: The mass of Americans whose opinions are not loud and public, but who together have enormous power. Popularized by President Richard Nixon, who claimed that Vietnam War protesters comprised a minority, while a "silent majority" supported the war.
4. (noun) An organized effort to win an election. (verb) To strive for elected office.
5. A political analyst, commentator, or columnist who usually works for a newspaper or magazine, or in broadcasting. Derived from a Hindi phrase meaning "learned one."
6. The practice of smearing people with baseless accusations. Refers to the tactics of Senator Joseph McCarthy, who in the 1950s destroyed the careers of many prominent Americans by branding them Communists.
8. Politics: Politics controlled by a tightly-run organization that stresses discipline and rewards its supporters. Machines are usually found in large cities and are frequently accused of corruption.
10. An attempt by a Senator or group of Senators to obstruct the passage of a bill, favored by the majority, by talking continuously. Because there is no rule in the Senate over how long a member can speak, a Senator can prevent a bill from coming up for a vote by talking endlessly. Senator Strom Thurmond of South Carolina set the record in 1957 by speaking for more than 24 hours without stopping.
12. Barrel: Wasteful and unnecessary projects that politicians secure for their local districts, usually to gain favor with local voters. The term dates from the days when salted pork was occasionally handed out to slaves from large barrels. An observer once wrote that the mad rush of politicians to get their district's share of treasury funds looked like slaves rushing to the pork barrel.
13. Burner: Where an issue is placed when it must be dealt with immediately.
15. The candidate chosen by a political party to run for a particular office.
17. A group seeking to influence an elected official, or the act of doing so. The term originated in the 17th century, when people waiting to speak with legislators at the English House of Commons waited in a large atrium outside the legislators' hall, called the lobby.
18. A representative to a party's national convention chosen by local voters to vote for a particular candidate. Each state is assigned a certain number of delegates based on its population.
19. Liberal. The labeling system originated from the seating pattern of the French National Assembly, which put liberals on the left, moderates in the middle, and conservatives on the right.
22. Candidates for various offices running as a team; or a group of delegates running on behalf of one candidate.
23. Roots: Political activity that originates locally, or arises from ground level.
24. When a political party chooses its official candidate for a particular office.
25. Short for "photo opportunity," an event staged specifically for news cameras to help a politician appear on the evening news or in morning papers.
27. A journalist who seeks out the scandalous activities of public officials. Derived from the Man with the Muck Rake, a character in John Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress, who could never look up, only down.
31. To campaign in person on a local level.
33. Balloon: An idea a politician suggests in order to observe the reaction. If public reaction is favorable, the politician takes credit for it; if not, the idea dies quickly.
35. Tape: Government paperwork and procedures that are slow and difficult. Stems from an 18th-century British practice of binding official papers with a reddish twine.
36. Mending: What politicians do when they visit their electoral districts to explain an unpopular action. The term originated in 1879, when Ohio Senator John Sherman made a trip home that most people considered a political visit. Sherman insisted, however, that he was home "only to repair my fences."
38. the Beltway: The area inside the Capital Beltway, a highway that encircles Washington, D.C. An issue described as "inside the Beltway" is believed to be of concern only to the people who work in and with the federal government and of little interest to the nation at large.

Across

8. Dodgers and Giants move here to be more open to African American players
9. American League only position to hit for the pitcher
11. Baseballs only player in history to throw 2 consecutive no hitters
14. Commissioner of Baseball who had to deal with the strike, inerleague play and added another level to the Playoffs
15. Until Cal Ripken Jr came along he held the Consecutive Games Played Record with 2,130
19. His 755 home runs broke Babe Ruths hallowed Home Run record
20. FDR signs / rites this famous letter encouraging baseball to keep playing throughout the war
21. Had a consecutive game hit streak which still stands today in 2025
22. Cubs fan who on television reached for a foul ball, causing Moises Alou not to catch the ball. Cubs fans blame him for costing them a World Series berth
23. Played 2,130 consecutive games for the Yankees
25. His error at 1st base kept the Red Sox from winning a World Series until 2004
29. Following the attacks on the World Trade Center, he threw the 1st pitch on the first game back from the attacks
31. In the `st game back after the 9/11 attacks, he hit a home run for the Mets
33. The first DH to take an at bat in MLB History
37. Babe Ruth was sold to finance a play to be performed here
38. First African American man to play professional baseball - without a contract
40. The 2nd of the 2 leagues to be formed
43. Pete Rose, Tony Perez, Joe Morgan, Johnny Bench and George Foster - nickname for their team
45. 1994-95 this ended the season and the Post season
50. Kansas City Royal player accused of having too much pine tar on his bat vs the Yankees
51. 2016 World Series Champions who waited 71 years to win one
53. Senators pitcher in Baseballs first Hall of Fame Class
54. Arguably the greatest player in the history of baseball
55. Firt thing used to protect catchers teeth prior to masks being invented
56. MLB All Star who played for the Tigers who was one of the first to enter WW2
58. In 1967 this Red Sox star won baseballs hitting Triple Crown (his nickname)
59. Nickname for the team that threw the 1919 World Series
60. Team that sold Babe Ruth to the Yankees
66. Best player in the 1919 World Series - unsure if he took part in the "fix"
67. Credited with creating the rules for baseball
70. Yankee star who had a migraine and gave up his 1st base position for a night to Lou Gehrig
74. His baserunning mistake allowed the Cubs to win the World Series in 1908
75. Pirate legend in the inaugural class of Baseballs Hall of Fame
76. Captured Americas attention with a home run chase in 1998
78. Sets baseball record with the most no hitters in a career with 7
79. NY original pinstripers
80. Performed by Babe Ruth in a game against the Cubs, many argue if in fact he truly did it
81. Negro Leagues greatest home run hitter, hitting 84 in one season
85. In 1959 this Pirate threw a 12 inning perfect game....and lost
86. Broke the record for most consecutive games played when he played 2,632 games
87. 1985 World Series Champions
88. NYY Yankee who threw a Perfect game in the 1956 World Series

Down

1. He breaks the all time hit record with 4,256 as a member of the Reds
2. Last player in MLB history to hit over .400, also became a fighter pilot in the Korean War
3. He led the Red Sox with key hiots and home runs to win the 2004 World Series
4. This Abner was credited with inventing the game of baseball
5. Created because of the death of Ray Chapman
6. First of the 2 leagues to be formed
7. Acronym for the drugs that took over baseball in 2004
10. UCL Surgery to repair his elbow has gone mainstream and allowed for much longer careers
12. Broke the MLB color barrier with the Dodgers
13. Held the All Time Hits Record from 1928 until 1986 with 4,189
16. In the World Series he Hit 3 home runs in 3 at bats on 1 pitch each at bat
17. Created to protect the face of catchers
18. Sold to the Yankees where he became the biggest icon in the game
24. The Women's professional Baseball League that formed during WW2
26. The team that threw the 1919 World Series from Chicago
27. Title for leading the league batting average, home runs and runs batted in
28. Detroit Tiger who recently won the Triple Crown in 2012 (last one was in 1967)
30. NY Giants legendary pitcher in Baseballs first Hall of Fame Class
32. Joltin Joe DiMaggio's number of games consecutive hit streak
34. His faith in WW2 that made it dangerous for him to fight in Europe
35. City in New York where baseball was invented
36. He had the highest vote of anyone inducted into the. first Hall of Fame Class
37. 8 1919 White Sox players suffered this
39. Started free agency in the MLB with the St. Louis Cardinals
41. Pittsburgh Pirate legend who did after the 1972 season in a plane crash
42. 2004 World Series Champions who waited 86 years to win one
44. He sets the All Time Stolen Bases record with 1,406
46. His one and only plate appearance in the 1988 World Series, with 2 injured legs, smashes a home run
47. Giants player who hit "the shot heard round the world"
48. Major League Baseballs All Time Home Run leader as of 2025
49. New York home to the Dodgers
51. Brooklyn Dodgers catcher who is in a car accident and paralyzed
52. MLB's only Game 7 Walk Off Home Run in history is by this Pirate
57. He was the only person hit by a pitch to die from his injuries
61. "Great Bambino" in the first class of Baseballs Hall of Fame
62. 1st umpire inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame
63. 1933 MLB had their first of these games
64. 3 months after Jackie Robinson broke into the National League, this man broke the color barrier in the American League
65. Because Pete Rose bet on baseball, this was his punishment
68. Detroit Tiger's "Georgia Peach"
69. Willie Mays makes one of the most famous catches in MLB history in th ePolo Grounds
71. Pete Rose managed this team while betting on his team to win
72. The Team Henry Aaron played for when he broke Babe Ruth's home run record
73. 1989 World Series suffered this natural disaster
76. Hit 61 home runs in 1961 to break Babe Ruths record
77. Takes himself out of the batting order due to early symptoms of ALS, also the first player to have his number retired in the MLB
82. Polo Grounds home to the _______ team
83. George Brett hits a 2 run home run to win the game against the Yankees, but the Yanks protest the game due to too much of this on a bat
84. Lincoln Southeast grad who helps the Royals to win the Worldl Series

Across

1. Suicide: A vote or action that is likely to be so unpopular with voters as to cause a politician's probable loss in the next election.
7. Chicken Circuit: The endless series of public dinners and luncheons politicians must attend to raise funds and make speeches. The food often includes chicken, which is cooked hours earlier and then reheated, giving it a rubbery texture.
8. A representative to a party's national convention chosen by local voters to vote for a particular candidate. Each state is assigned a certain number of delegates based on its population.
9. Burner: Where an issue is placed when it must be dealt with immediately.
10. Roots: Political activity that originates locally, or arises from ground level.
11. The power of a popular candidate to gather support for other candidates in his or her party. Winning candidates are said to have coattails when they drag candidates for lower office along with them to victory.
13. The reorganization of voting districts by the party in power to insure more votes for their candidates. The term originated in 1811, when Governor Elbridge Gerry of Massachusetts signed a bill that changed districts to favor the Democrats. The shape of one new district supposedly resembled a salamander, provoking a Boston newspaper editor to say, "Salamander? Call it a Gerrymander!"
15. (noun) An organized effort to win an election. (verb) To strive for elected office.
16. An informal meeting of local party members to discuss candidates and choose delegates to the party's convention.
18. An integrated system of ideas about politics, values, and culture. Those who espouse an ideology are sometimes criticized as rigid and narrow-minded.
20. When a political party chooses its official candidate for a particular office.
22. A political analyst, commentator, or columnist who usually works for a newspaper or magazine, or in broadcasting. Derived from a Hindi phrase meaning "learned one."
24. The practice of smearing people with baseless accusations. Refers to the tactics of Senator Joseph McCarthy, who in the 1950s destroyed the careers of many prominent Americans by branding them Communists.
25. Politics: Politics controlled by a tightly-run organization that stresses discipline and rewards its supporters. Machines are usually found in large cities and are frequently accused of corruption.
27. and Balances: The system of dividing power among the three branches of government (executive, legislative, and judicial) to prevent any one from having too much power. Each branch has some authority to check the power of the others, thereby maintaining a balance among the three.
29. Candidates for various offices running as a team; or a group of delegates running on behalf of one candidate.
30. Duck: An officeholder whose term has expired or cannot be continued, who thus has lessened power.
31. Expedition: An investigation with no defined purpose, often by one party seeking damaging information about another. Such inquiries are likened to fishing because they pull up whatever they happen to catch.
33. A leader whose impassioned rhetoric appeals to greed, fear, and hatred, and who often spreads lies. Former U.S. Sen. Joseph McCarthy (see McCarthyism) is often cited as a classic demagogue.
35. Mending: What politicians do when they visit their electoral districts to explain an unpopular action. The term originated in 1879, when Ohio Senator John Sherman made a trip home that most people considered a political visit. Sherman insisted, however, that he was home "only to repair my fences."
36. Balloon: An idea a politician suggests in order to observe the reaction. If public reaction is favorable, the politician takes credit for it; if not, the idea dies quickly.
37. Liberal. The labeling system originated from the seating pattern of the French National Assembly, which put liberals on the left, moderates in the middle, and conservatives on the right.
40. The positions that a party adopts, and stands on, at the beginning of an election campaign.
41. A survey used to gauge public opinion concerning issues or to forecast an election.
42. A politician's attempt to shape the way the public looks at an issue or event, much the way a tennis player uses spin to direct the ball. Political advisers who spin are known as "spin doctors."

Down

1. Barrel: Wasteful and unnecessary projects that politicians secure for their local districts, usually to gain favor with local voters. The term dates from the days when salted pork was occasionally handed out to slaves from large barrels. An observer once wrote that the mad rush of politicians to get their district's share of treasury funds looked like slaves rushing to the pork barrel.
2. A current officeholder.
3. Horse: A long-shot candidate.
4. A national meeting of a political party, where delegates formally elect a party's nominee.
5. Tape: Government paperwork and procedures that are slow and difficult. Stems from an 18th-century British practice of binding official papers with a reddish twine.
6. An attempt by a Senator or group of Senators to obstruct the passage of a bill, favored by the majority, by talking continuously. Because there is no rule in the Senate over how long a member can speak, a Senator can prevent a bill from coming up for a vote by talking endlessly. Senator Strom Thurmond of South Carolina set the record in 1957 by speaking for more than 24 hours without stopping.
12. A militant conservative; opposite of "radical," which means ultraliberal.
14. A group seeking to influence an elected official, or the act of doing so. The term originated in the 17th century, when people waiting to speak with legislators at the English House of Commons waited in a large atrium outside the legislators' hall, called the lobby.
17. Room: The sort of place where behind-the-scenes political wheeling and dealing, often devious, occurs. Refers to the penchant of many political operatives for smoking cigars.
19. A state election in which party members vote for a candidate from within their party. The vote determines how many of that state's delegates each candidate gets.
21. The candidate chosen by a political party to run for a particular office.
23. the Beltway: The area inside the Capital Beltway, a highway that encircles Washington, D.C. An issue described as "inside the Beltway" is believed to be of concern only to the people who work in and with the federal government and of little interest to the nation at large.
24. A journalist who seeks out the scandalous activities of public officials. Derived from the Man with the Muck Rake, a character in John Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress, who could never look up, only down.
26. Short for "photo opportunity," an event staged specifically for news cameras to help a politician appear on the evening news or in morning papers.
28. Majority: The mass of Americans whose opinions are not loud and public, but who together have enormous power. Popularized by President Richard Nixon, who claimed that Vietnam War protesters comprised a minority, while a "silent majority" supported the war.
32. Vote: The undecided, usually independent, portion of the electorate that can "swing" the outcome of an election one way or the other.
34. Grand Old Party, nickname of the Republican Party.
38. The party member who makes sure that all other members are present for crucial votes and that they vote in accordance with the party line. The term originated in British fox hunting, where the "whipper-in" was responsible for keeping the hounds from straying.
39. To campaign in person on a local level.

Across

1. A survey used to gauge public opinion concerning issues or to forecast an election.
2. An informal meeting of local party members to discuss candidates and choose delegates to the party's convention.
4. and Balances: The system of dividing power among the three branches of government (executive, legislative, and judicial) to prevent any one from having too much power. Each branch has some authority to check the power of the others, thereby maintaining a balance among the three.
7. Duck: An officeholder whose term has expired or cannot be continued, who thus has lessened power.
9. A national meeting of a political party, where delegates formally elect a party's nominee.
11. A politician's attempt to shape the way the public looks at an issue or event, much the way a tennis player uses spin to direct the ball. Political advisers who spin are known as "spin doctors."
14. A militant conservative; opposite of "radical," which means ultraliberal.
16. A current officeholder.
20. The positions that a party adopts, and stands on, at the beginning of an election campaign.
21. Room: The sort of place where behind-the-scenes political wheeling and dealing, often devious, occurs. Refers to the penchant of many political operatives for smoking cigars.
22. Vote: The undecided, usually independent, portion of the electorate that can "swing" the outcome of an election one way or the other.
23. The reorganization of voting districts by the party in power to insure more votes for their candidates. The term originated in 1811, when Governor Elbridge Gerry of Massachusetts signed a bill that changed districts to favor the Democrats. The shape of one new district supposedly resembled a salamander, provoking a Boston newspaper editor to say, "Salamander? Call it a Gerrymander!"
25. Suicide: A vote or action that is likely to be so unpopular with voters as to cause a politician's probable loss in the next election.
26. Expedition: An investigation with no defined purpose, often by one party seeking damaging information about another. Such inquiries are likened to fishing because they pull up whatever they happen to catch.
28. A leader whose impassioned rhetoric appeals to greed, fear, and hatred, and who often spreads lies. Former U.S. Sen. Joseph McCarthy (see McCarthyism) is often cited as a classic demagogue.
29. Grand Old Party, nickname of the Republican Party.
30. The power of a popular candidate to gather support for other candidates in his or her party. Winning candidates are said to have coattails when they drag candidates for lower office along with them to victory.
32. The party member who makes sure that all other members are present for crucial votes and that they vote in accordance with the party line. The term originated in British fox hunting, where the "whipper-in" was responsible for keeping the hounds from straying.
34. Horse: A long-shot candidate.
37. Chicken Circuit: The endless series of public dinners and luncheons politicians must attend to raise funds and make speeches. The food often includes chicken, which is cooked hours earlier and then reheated, giving it a rubbery texture.
38. An integrated system of ideas about politics, values, and culture. Those who espouse an ideology are sometimes criticized as rigid and narrow-minded.

Down

1. A state election in which party members vote for a candidate from within their party. The vote determines how many of that state's delegates each candidate gets.
3. Majority: The mass of Americans whose opinions are not loud and public, but who together have enormous power. Popularized by President Richard Nixon, who claimed that Vietnam War protesters comprised a minority, while a "silent majority" supported the war.
4. (noun) An organized effort to win an election. (verb) To strive for elected office.
5. A political analyst, commentator, or columnist who usually works for a newspaper or magazine, or in broadcasting. Derived from a Hindi phrase meaning "learned one."
6. The practice of smearing people with baseless accusations. Refers to the tactics of Senator Joseph McCarthy, who in the 1950s destroyed the careers of many prominent Americans by branding them Communists.
8. Politics: Politics controlled by a tightly-run organization that stresses discipline and rewards its supporters. Machines are usually found in large cities and are frequently accused of corruption.
10. An attempt by a Senator or group of Senators to obstruct the passage of a bill, favored by the majority, by talking continuously. Because there is no rule in the Senate over how long a member can speak, a Senator can prevent a bill from coming up for a vote by talking endlessly. Senator Strom Thurmond of South Carolina set the record in 1957 by speaking for more than 24 hours without stopping.
12. Barrel: Wasteful and unnecessary projects that politicians secure for their local districts, usually to gain favor with local voters. The term dates from the days when salted pork was occasionally handed out to slaves from large barrels. An observer once wrote that the mad rush of politicians to get their district's share of treasury funds looked like slaves rushing to the pork barrel.
13. Burner: Where an issue is placed when it must be dealt with immediately.
15. The candidate chosen by a political party to run for a particular office.
17. A group seeking to influence an elected official, or the act of doing so. The term originated in the 17th century, when people waiting to speak with legislators at the English House of Commons waited in a large atrium outside the legislators' hall, called the lobby.
18. A representative to a party's national convention chosen by local voters to vote for a particular candidate. Each state is assigned a certain number of delegates based on its population.
19. Liberal. The labeling system originated from the seating pattern of the French National Assembly, which put liberals on the left, moderates in the middle, and conservatives on the right.
22. Candidates for various offices running as a team; or a group of delegates running on behalf of one candidate.
23. Roots: Political activity that originates locally, or arises from ground level.
24. When a political party chooses its official candidate for a particular office.
25. Short for "photo opportunity," an event staged specifically for news cameras to help a politician appear on the evening news or in morning papers.
27. A journalist who seeks out the scandalous activities of public officials. Derived from the Man with the Muck Rake, a character in John Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress, who could never look up, only down.
31. To campaign in person on a local level.
33. Balloon: An idea a politician suggests in order to observe the reaction. If public reaction is favorable, the politician takes credit for it; if not, the idea dies quickly.
35. Tape: Government paperwork and procedures that are slow and difficult. Stems from an 18th-century British practice of binding official papers with a reddish twine.
36. Mending: What politicians do when they visit their electoral districts to explain an unpopular action. The term originated in 1879, when Ohio Senator John Sherman made a trip home that most people considered a political visit. Sherman insisted, however, that he was home "only to repair my fences."
38. the Beltway: The area inside the Capital Beltway, a highway that encircles Washington, D.C. An issue described as "inside the Beltway" is believed to be of concern only to the people who work in and with the federal government and of little interest to the nation at large.

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1. in this subject, numbers are necessary

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1. Biomedical Civil Electrical Fabric Geotechnical Highway Junior Kinetic Mechanical H.D.T Office Packaging Quality Radiation Traffic X-Ray Yield Zoo Liaison

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1. therapists a person qualified to treat disease, injury, or deformity by physical methods such as massage, heat treatment, and exercise rather than by drugs or surgery

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1. estate

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3. ____ of shares from October 1 will result in a higher tax burden for investors, similar to dividends.
8. Indian fast bowler who famously dismissed Pakistani opener Aamir Sohail during the 1996 World Cup quarterfinal match in Bangalore (last name)
10. Chinese city where Indian tennis player Vijay Sundar Prashanth won his first ATP 250 Series doubles title in 2025.
13. Athlete who emerged as the top earner at Athlos NYC, winning the 200m race and earning a total of $85,000 in prize money (last name)
14. Portfolio that Dr. K Ponmudy has been assigned in the Tamil Nadu cabinet reshuffle, according to an official communique from the Governor's office.
15. Region where assembly elections are being held in three phases.
19. American Football league generating $13 billion in revenue in 2023, with major contracts with ESPN, Fox, and NBC (abbrv)
20. Meta CEO who has seen significant gains this year but was surpassed by Musk in terms of wealth (last name)
22. Title of Malcolm Gladwell's dark sequel to his best-selling book 'The Tipping Point'.
23. Mystery spinner who has made a comeback to the Indian squad after nearly three years for the T20I series against Bangladesh (first name)
26. Batsman who had a squash ball tucked inside his left glove during his iconic century in the 2007 ICC Cricket World Cup final to help him maintain a better grip on the bat (last name)
31. Country whose president, Emmanuel Macron, recently called for an expanded UNSC and permanent seats for India, Brazil, Japan, and Germany.
32. Renowned sprinter who introduced Grand Slam Track, a new initiative featuring four yearly races each offering $100,000 prizes for top finishers (last name)
33. Food and grocery delivery company that received green light from Sebi for a bigger IPO size of $1.4 billion, expected to be launched in Oct and become India's 2nd biggest startup IPO.
34. Renowned British rock band returning to India after an eight-year hiatus for concerts in Mumbai.
35. Country labeled as a 'blessing' in Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu's map at the UNGA.
37. Interim government assumed by this leader after the resignation of Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina (last name)
38. Country where Israel unleashed a series of strikes on Hezbollah positions, resulting in one of the deadliest weeks since the 2006 war between Israel and Hezbollah.
40. Militant group whose leader, Hassan Nasarallah, was reportedly 'eliminated' in an Israeli airstrike in Beirut.
42. Sehwag hit a six to reach 300 during his 309-run inning with Master Tendulkar against Pakistan in the first Test at Multan off the bowling of ____.(last name)
44. Second-largest dairy cooperative in India, after Gujarat's Amul, that operates 15 dairy unions throughout Karnataka.
45. Airline clearing all its GST dues following successful Qualified Institutional Placement and resolving dispute with Engine Lease Finance Corporation.
48. Puerto Rico's athlete who secured the top spot in the 100m hurdles at the Athlos athletics meeting in New York with a time of 12.36 seconds.
51. Online food delivery platform from which the company's chief people officer and co-founder, Akriti Chopra, has resigned.
53. New Zealand cricket captain who surpassed Virat Kohli in the all-time Test run-scoring chart.
56. Country labeled as a 'curse' in Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu's map at the UNGA.
57. Tax deducted at a rate of 10% from specified central and state government bonds, including floating rate bonds, as per the 2024 budget reforms.
59. Country responsible for recent airstrikes that killed several functionaries of Hezbollah.
61. India ranks 39th in the Global ___ Index 2024, jumping one spot from the previous year.
63. Andhra Pradesh-based steel maker exploring merger with SAIL to resolve financial and operational issues (abbrv)
65. Tennis format in which Indian player Vijay Sundar Prashanth won three Challenger titles in 2023 and his first ATP 250 Series title in Hangzhou, China in 2025.
68. Historic Mughal-era mosque in Delhi that has been the subject of PILs
69. Sri Lankan bowler holding the record for most Test wickets in Asia with 612 (first name)

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1. State launching India's first GCC policy aiming for $50 billion economic output with 500 new GCCs by 2029.
2. IPL team that has appointed Dwayne Bravo as their new mentor after Gautam Gambhir left to become the head coach for the Indian team (abbrv)
4. North Carolina's mountain region city left isolated by Hurricane Helene's violent onslaught.
5. Name of the person who has been elevated to the post of deputy chief minister in Tamil Nadu (last name)
6. First name of the female politician who Malcolm Gladwell has expressed support for in the upcoming US presidential election.
7. Country recently surpassed by India in the Asia Power Index, marking a significant transformation in the Asia-Pacific region's geopolitical landscape.
9. India's primary stock market index which has delivered remarkable returns of 850 times to investors over the past 45 years, compounding at around 16 percent.
11. World's wealthiest person who has seen his fortune rise to $270 billion in 2023.
12. The city referred to as the 'Silicon Valley of India'.
16. Country whose ongoing war with Russia is seen as the reason behind Russia's updated nuclear policy document.
17. Sri Lankan sensation who became the first batsman to score over 50 in eight consecutive Test matches since his debut (last name)
18. Indian city where the iconic 1996 World Cup quarterfinal match between India and Pakistan was played.
21. Musk's infrastructure and tunnelling company that focuses on transportation innovations, including building underground tunnels for high-speed transit systems.
22. Domestic cricket tournament in which Virat Kohli made his debut for Delhi in the 2006-07 season.
24. Organization that Mira Murati resigned from as Chief Technology Officer due to the need for personal exploration.
25. Pakistani opener who was dismissed by Indian fast bowler Venkatesh Prasad during the iconic 1996 World Cup quarterfinal match in Bangalore.
27. Hyderabad-based vaccine maker developing a bi-valent monoclonal antibody of human origin for rabies with support from National Biopharma Mission and BIRAC (abbrv)
28. The name of the trophy that India has retained for the last four times against Australia in Test cricket (abbrv)
29. Institution that saw the proportion of Asian American students rise from 25% to 43% between 1992 and 2013, in contrast to Harvard.
30. Category 4 hurricane that caused flooding, knocked out power, and resulted in deaths in Florida, Georgia, and the Carolinas.
36. Name of the first-ever women-only track contest independent of the Olympics, organized by entrepreneur Alexis Ohanian in New York.
39. Region whose special status was revoked by India in 2019.
41. Label founded by Sean "Diddy" Combs that launched the careers of The Notorious B.I.G., Faith Evans, and Mase.
43. Type of ball that was hidden inside Adam Gilchrist's batting glove during his iconic century in the 2007 ICC Cricket World Cup final to help him maintain a better grip on the bat.
45. First Indian to score a triple century in Test cricket, achieving the feat in just 364 balls during India's 2004 tour of Pakistan (last name)
46. Doug Emhoff's religious background, which would make him the first of his kind if Kamala Harris wins the presidential election.
47. Ticket booking platform accused of alleged black-marketing of Coldplay concert tickets in Mumbai (abbrv)
49. This Enrolment ID will no longer be applicable for PAN and ITR as per Union Budget 2024 to prevent misuse and duplication (abbrv)
50. State-owned lignite-based power company targeting 10,000 MW renewable energy capacity by 2030 (abbrv)
52. State in India where the Apartment Ownership Act came into effect on March 6, 2024, and where new rules for the redevelopment of 30-year-old buildings were introduced in September 2024.
54. Tax applied to futures and options trading that increased by 0.02% and 0.1%, respectively, as per the 2024 budget reforms (abbrv)
55. Amazon founder who trails Musk as the second-richest person in the world (last name)
58. Group comprising the US, Japan, Australia, and India in which India plays a leadership role and addresses security challenges in the Indo-Pacific region (abbrv)
60. Global body where UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer recently expressed support for India's bid to become a permanent member, alongside Brazil, Japan, and Germany (abbrv)
62. Approval from market regulator Sebi for this event has fueled investor interest in Swiggy's shares in the unlisted market (abbrv)
64. Cricket league that introduced a match fee of 7.5 lakhs per game for players (abbrv)
66. City where a criminal case was registered against Union finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman and others on alleged charges of electoral bond extortion.
67. Island nation where the president denies 'India Out' agenda due to foreign military presence on its soil.

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3. What Latina and Chicago native wrote "Caramelo," a novel about a Mexican-American family in Chicago who takes an annual road trip to visit their “Awful Grandmother” in Mexico City?
7. 1982 saw the release of “The Little Drummer Girl”, about an English actress who is drawn into a plot to help capture a Palestinian terrorist. This book was written by what by British novelist, famed for his espionage novels such as “Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy.”
8. Although a mathematics scholar at Oxford, this Alice in Wonderland author was terrible at finances. Although he paid his debts on time, he would often overdraft upwards of £7,500.
10. The collective name for owls is parliament. This noun arose because of a description of a meeting of owls in what author's works?
12. This author and romantic legend always traveled with his dozens of animals. Just a few of the pets that made it from this English lord’s estate to Venice include ten horses, three monkeys, three peacocks, eight dogs, five cats, one crane, one falcon, one eagle, and one crow.
15. What author created the child protagonist who promptly explains his nickname to the reader in the following manner? “My father's family name being Pirrip, and my Christian name Philip, my infant tongue could make of both names nothing longer or more explicit than Pip. So, I called myself Pip.”
18. Although he was not able to speak English fluently until his mid-twenties, this Polish-British writer is often considered one of the great masters of the English language. He helped popularize the concept of an anti-hero, frequently featured nautical settings, and wrote both "The Secret Agent," "The Secret Sharer," and "The Heart of Darkness." Who is this author?
19. What American author, popularly known by a pseudonym, considered Hartford the most beautiful city in the United States and settled there to write what are considered his bildungsroman masterpieces? Coincidentally, this Missouri-born man lived next door to Harriet Beecher Stowe while in Hartford.
20. Presidential candidate Andrew Jarrett uses the slogan "Make America Great Again" in "The Parable of the Talents," a 1998 dystopian novel by what sci-fi author?
21. What writer's works were printed over 100 million times by 2000, leading to the unusual honor of having a new dinosaur species after him?
22. What Canadian author, poet, and environmentalist with a "forested" name reached new levels of fame in 2017 after her award-winning 1985 dystopian political novel was released as a smash-hit television series on Hulu?
24. What famed children's author said the following? "I answer all my children's letters – sometimes very hastily – but this one I lingered over. I sent him a card and I drew a picture of a Wild Thing on it. I wrote, 'Dear Jim: I loved your card.' Then I got a letter back from his mother and she said: 'Jim loved your card so much he ate it.' That to me was one of the highest compliments I've ever received."
25. "Sanditon," which she began in 1817 but did not finish before she died the same year, was the last novel by what English author?
26. The town of Pepin, Wisconsin is home to a museum honoring what author of the Little House books, most famously "Little House on the Prairie"?
28. Aimed at an adult audience, the 1998 novel "Summer Sisters" is by what American author better known for children's and young-adult literature like "Superfudge" and "Are You There God? It's Me, Margaret?"
31. What "cold-blooded" American author wrote the short story "A Christmas Memory" about making fruitcakes from scratch in Alabama?
32. Who wrote “Beauty is truth, truth beauty” in his poem, “Ode on a Grecian Urn?”
35. Although her life tragically ended at the age of 30, what American poet and short-story writer is credited with advancing the genre of confessional poetry and is best known for collections such as "The Bell Jar?" She posthumously won a Pulitzer Prize in 1982 for her collected poems.

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1. Because it was the setting for many of her stories, the city of Eatonville, Florida hosts an annual festival dedicated to her. She's often considered a central figure of the Harlem Renaissanc and 1937's "Their Eyes Were Watching God" remains the most popular of her 50+ published works. Who is she?
2. What author, who is far more famous for creating another character of page and screen, wrote the novel "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang" in 1964? Many of the characters this author created were known by a single letter or a number.
4. This author’s legacy survives not only in his many plays, but also in his contributions to the English language. The following phrases originally came from this author: dead as a doornail, fair play, in a pickle, night owl, wear your heart on your sleeve, star-crossed lovers, off with his head, and green-eyed monster.
5. Likenesses of Ramona Quimby and Henry Huggins splash in puddles in a Portland sculpture garden dedicated to what beloved childrens' lit author?
6. In his obituary in 1991, the New York Times said "English was too skimpy for his rich imagination." and that "his meter was irresistible." Who is this children's author?
9. Oakland, California features a neighborhood named after what author of "The Call of the Wild," who often frequented the area?
11. In 1956, DC Comics editor Julius Schwartz revived the superhero archetype and experienced significant success with an updated version of the Flash. In response, publisher Martin Goodman assigned this author to come up with a new superhero team. This author’s wife suggested that he experiment with stories he preferred, since he was planning on changing careers and had nothing to lose. Acting on this advice, he introduced complex, naturalistic characters including Marvel’s most successful character, Spider-Man.
12. "The Fire Next Time," "If Beale Street Could Talk," and "Giovanni's Room" are all books by what acclaimed Black American author that spent most of his professional life in France rather than the U.S. due to the racial discrimination he faced in the U.S.?
13. An experience as a young seaman being captured in the South Pacific by cannibals and imprisoned for mutiny inspired material for what American author for his future maritime fiction?
14. "Agnes Grey" and "The Tenant of Wildfell Hall" are the only two novels by an English author who was the younger sister of Charlotte and Emily.
16. What acclaimed children's author and poet spent much of his career as a cartoonist for Playboy and also wrote songs for the 1960s folk scene?
17. What British author wrote the classic 1964 children's novel "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory?"
19. What author worked as both a scholar of languages and on the Oxford English Dictionary before writing his bestselling novels. He researched and explained the etymology of words starting with W. Known words of his include “waggle” and “walrus.” For a man of such erudition, it’s somewhat odd that he consistently told reporters “cellar door” was the most beautiful phrase in the English language. Who knows; perhaps it takes a PhD in Old Norse to understand.
23. Although more well-known for his fiction and character creations, what famous author was also an ophthalmologist? He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh in the 1870s, was a determined supporter of compulsory vaccination, and partially based his most famous character on a former university teacher.
26. Which author wrote all her books (including Mrs. Dalloway) while standing?
27. What Roman emperor from 161 to 180, who was also a Stoic philosopher, wrote the book “Meditations?” These self-explorations helped him guide and improve himself, and is used as a tool for leaders to this day.
29. What American novelist is well-known for his sparse use of punctuation and once claimed that to use quotation marks is to "blot the page up with weird little marks?" This author is associated with the Southern Gothic, Western, and post-apocalyptic genres.
30. What American novelist was born in 1931 and is known for her prolific writings including "The Bluest Eye," "Song of Solomon," and "Beloved?" That last book was made into a 1996 movie produced by Oprah Winfrey. This Ohioan won both a Nobel Prize and the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
33. What famous poet who went by his initials stated: "I have measured out my life with coffee spoons"? Well-known works include "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" and "The Waste Land."
34. What internationally-renowned British author coined the following secret phrase? "I solemnly swear that I am up to no good."

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1. (data) from one computer to another, typically to one that is larger or remote from the user or functioning as a server.

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1. You got arrested for a crime you didn't commit. In court, who is fighting for your justice?

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1. The _____ is the largest equities-based exchange in the world, based on the total market capitalization of its listed securities and will be the model exchange for your exam.
4. Three arbitrators must be involved when the proceedings involve _____ than $100,000 (unless both parties agree to one).
6. _______ settlement would have a shorter or longer settlement cycle, allowing for a quicker, or delayed, transfer of funds and the asset between the seller and the buyer.
9. The National Adjudicatory Council must provide _____ days written notice to a member firm or associated person that has failed to comply with procedures in connection with any investigation, written complaint or examination by FINRA that they have the right to suspend the member.
13. _______ is an independent, nongovernmental organization that writes and enforces the rules governing registered brokers and broker-dealer firms in the United States.
14. All monetary awards must be paid within 30 days of the ________ date.
15. The delivery of educational material applies for three ______ following the date the registered person begins employment or associates with a new member
16. When you see the term auction market, think ________.
17. If there is no satisfaction received from the NAC after an appeal, the appealing party may take the case to the ____.
18. All panelists in COP proceedings are from the _____.
23. A _____ firm is one that has been expelled from membership in any SRO or is subject of an SC order revoking its registration as a BD.
25. Stocks or bonds sold for _____ settlement must be available on the spot for delivery to the buyer
27. Regulation T payment is sometimes referred to as settlement plus ____.
28. The NAC has the right to ______ the registration of any associated person if there is noncompliance in connection to investigations or customer complaints.
29. ______ execution a legal mandate that requires brokers to provide the most advantageous order execution for their customers given the prevailing market environment.
32. The settlement date is the date on which _______ of a security changes between the buyer and the seller.
33. When a forward stock split or stock dividend takes place, outstanding orders not yet executed will be _____ in order to maintain the integrity of the order when it was placed
34. Within ____ days, panelists from the NAC proceeding must render a written decision.
35. An ______ must be made within 25 days of the decision date or the decision is final.
36. A _______ is the difference between the highest current bid price among dealers in the market for a security and the lower price that a dealer charges a customer.
38. If a buy limit order is on the order book and a stock goes ex-dividend, the order will be reduced by the ________ amount.
39. A customer has placed an order to buy 200 shares of XYZ stock at $60. If XYZ declares a 2:1 stock split, the order will be adjusted to buy (more or less) shares of XYZ stock at $30
42. If a member firm hires representatives who ere previously associated with a disciplined firm, the hiring member may be required to establish procedures for _________ telemarketing activities of all of its registered persons.
47. Recommending any investment that is not suitable for the customer’s financial situation and risk tolerances is a _____________ of fair dealing rules.
51. If the seller delivers before the settlement date, the buyer may either accept the security or refuse it without ________.
54. The member firms under the tape monitoring procedures must provide FINRA with reports on its telemarketing supervision on a ___________ basis.
55. Trade confirmations must be maintained by the firm for ______ years.
57. A respondent to a NAC complaint has ____ days after receiving the complaint to file an answer.
58. A ________ is an entity such as a non-governmental organization, which has the power to create and enforce stand-alone industry and professional regulations and standards on its own.
61. This market is an interdealer market in which unlisted securities trade. Dealers are connected by computer and telephone.
62. One advantage of arbitration over court proceeding is that all decisions are _______ (no appeals are allowed).
63. This specifies the date customers are required to pay for purchase transactions.
64. Exchanges also operate as _______markets, which is when buyers compete with buyers and sellers compete with sellers for the best price).
67. Arbitrators are divided into two categories. This category includes any person who worked in the financial industry for any duration during their careers.
70. A customer must be given a confirmation of the trade on or before the ________ date.
71. A member firm must supply a customer with a copy of the signed predispute arbitration agreement within ____ business days of the request.
72. Brokers act like _____ and receive payment for the trade.
75. Any person engaged in the business of effecting transactions in the securities for the accounts of others (that is not a bank) is considered a _______.
76. Brokers receive a _____ as payment for a trade.
77. _____ against a member or associated person are included with the written decision and can include censure, fine, suspension, expulsion, or barring.
78. _____ the close or open is when trades are falsely reported to influence the opening or closing price of a stock.
80. A ______ is the difference between an investment's lowest current offering price among broker-dealers and the price charged to the customer for said investment.
83. An Office of _______ Jurisdiction is a regional location designated by the firm as a compliance hub.
84. The Code of Arbitration _______ Code governs arbitrations between or among industry parties only.
85. True or False, if the appealing party is turned down by the SEC, there is no right to continue to the federal court system.
86. Members, advisers, and representatives are ______ from sharing in any profits or losses in a customer’s account.
87. Regular way settlement for __________ securities is T+1.
88. Exchange listed securities trade OTC in this market.

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2. When a trade is completed, an _____ report is filled out.
3. When an order specification is changed while awaiting execution on the order book, it is done through a cancel and _____ process.
5. The _____ Rules requires loyalty to and fair dealing with customers.
7. If, after an investigation, FINRA believes a member and/or its associated persons has violated one or more rules or laws, the Department of ______ will issue a formal complaint.
8. The national exchanges list securities of national trading _______.
10. Each stock exchange requires companies to meet certain _____ before it will allow their stock to be listed for trading on an exchange.
11. A ________ is a document that establishes a trade, it’s settlement date, and the money due or owed to the customer.
12. The Uniform _______ Code is a series of rules, interpretations and explanations designed to make uniform, where practicable, custom, practice, usage, and trading technique in the investment banking and securities business, particularly with regards to operational and settlement issues. These can include such matters as trade terms, deliveries, payments, dividends, rights, and interest.
13. The ________ market refers to a market where securities trade directly between institutions on a private, over-the-counter (OTC) computer network, rather than over a recognized exchange. They are often traded on this market to increase anonymity or to effect large trades without moving the market.
19. The Uniform Practice Code _________ the dates and times for each type of settlement.
20. _______ is a system that facilitates the transfer of securities from one trading account to another at a different brokerage firm or bank.
21. For tape monitoring purposes, FINRA will require all phone conversations to be recorded and monitored if a firm has 15 employees and 4 or more of those employees are from disciplined firms. Which level would this be considered?
22. A dealer includes the role of a brokerage firm when it acts as a ______ in a particular trade and charges the customer a markup or markdown.
24. The Code of ______ deals with alleged violations of FINRA rules, MSRB rules and federal securities laws
26. Under Regulation T, customer payment is due _____ business days after the trade date.
30. True or False: It is acceptable to share in a customer’s profits and losses if a joint account has received the member firm’s prior written approval and the registered rep shares in the profits and losses only to the extent of his proportionate contribution
31. ______ is usually associated with those who are short put options. It is the act of entering purchase orders in a stock for the purpose of keeping the price from falling below the strike price.
36. In a NAC proceeding, the decision must reflect a _______ vote.
37. Any dispute involving a dollar amount of $50,000 or less is eligible for ________ arbitration.
38. A firms acts as a ______ when it buys or sells securities for its own account at its own risk.
40. Educational _______ outlines things a customer might need to consider when moving assets from one firm to another. This includes financial incentives that could rise to a conflict of interest for the representative, potential costs related to transferring assets and that fact that some assets might not be transferrable.
41. Any monetary awards not paid within 30 days will begin to accrue ______ as of the decision date.
43. If a cash trade occurs after 2pm, settlement is due within ______ minutes.
44. If a firm or an associated person has violated any securities laws, rules, regulations or standards of conduct, it m
45. A respondent to an initiation of proceedings of arbitration has ______ calendar days to respond to both the director of arbitration and the claimant.
46. _____ the tape is when one party sells stock to another with the understanding that the stock will be repurchased later in the day at virtually the same price to make it appear that there is more activity in a stock than there actually is.
48. ____________ refers to the illegal practice of using an unneeded third party, usually another broker-dealer, between the customer and the best available market price, with the sole purpose being to generate extra commissions.
49. The ______ is a self-regulatory organization that deals with options.
50. No change to an order ticket can be made without the approval of a principal or _______ manager.
52. Orders that cannot be immediately executed are placed on the designated market maker’s order ______ book.
53. To change an account number on an order ticket, you would need to cancel and _____, which requires manager approval.
56. The _____ is a FINRA committee that reviews initial decisions rendered in FINRA disciplinary and membership proceedings.
59. A carrying firm has _____ business day to validate or take exception to any transfer instructions received regarding a customer’s account.
60. Painting the tape is sometimes referred to as _______ orders.
65. for any dispute that involves a public customer , the majority of the arbitration panel must be made up of _______ arbitrators.
66. This market is where investors buy and sell securities with each other instead of through the issuer.
68. The Code of Arbitration _______ Code governs arbitrations between investors and brokers and/or brokerage firms.
69. Registered representative moves to a new firm and attempts to convince their former customers to move with them, they must provide the former customer with _______ communication.
73. The _______ s a regulating body which creates rules and policies for investment firms and banks in the issuing and sale of municipal bonds, notes, and other municipal securities.
74. ______ is the practice of selling large amounts of a commodity or security close to the expiration date of its options to prevent a rise in the underlying's price.
79. The ________ settlement for most securities transactions is T+2.
81. An order ticket must contain the identity of the _______ person, if any, responsible for the account.
82. The statute of limitations for submission to arbitration is ________ years from the time of the event.

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1. The domestication experiment began, and the animals were selected only for tameness. In just the fourth generation, an animal by this name consistently wagged his tail when humans approached him. None in his generation did so and this trait was not repeated until the sixth generation. In addition, the animals were becoming noticeably tame. Belyayev and the researchers were stunned that in such little time their experiment was showing results. Just how fast can these animals be domesticated? By the sixth generation, many animals were coming to the front of their cages and licking the caretakers' hands. So fast!
3. The name of the animal in the fifth generation that Lyudmila moved into a house on the experiment's grounds and lived with as part of the domestication experiment. This was the first animal that came when its name was called. This was an astonishing animal, loving and loyal in all the ways dogs are. One night, it sensed something wasn't right and ran off to bark at a security guard and settled down immediately--just like a dog--when Lyudmila began talking with the guard. It was never seen behavior, that one of the animals would seek out the threat and bark to warn a human of danger. This animal even fooled Lyudmila one day. She came to the house and saw the animal lying on the ground, seeming not even breathing. Lyudmila thought it had died and, after checking the animal, went to call a vet. She looked back and saw a crow had landed near the animal, intent on having a snack. The animal then jumped up and preyed upon the crow. This demonstrated a clear thought and planning process that had not been witnessed before. Sadly, though, this animal and all but one of her litter were slaughtered when some thugs broke into the house and killed them to sell their fur. Lyudmila and the team took this hard because the animals had not before understood that there are humans that are unkind.
4. xxxx Selection - One of Belyayev's theories. Usually, the wild will select for certain traits and won't deviate too much. For example, gray wolves, zebras, and lions all seem to adhere to a standard morphology: not too much difference between individuals. But with domesticated dogs, you see an extreme variety of traits due to domestication.
12. The Role of Hereditary xxxx of Behavior in the Process of Domestication - Belyayev was invited to give a talk at the ethology conference when it was held in Scotland. This is his presentation's title. Everyone who was anyone in the field was at this conference. This was the first time someone from the USSR was invited to such an event. Belyayev's findings astonished the community and pub Russian genetics on the map.
13. The classification given to the animals that most exhibited the markers for domestication. Animals in this category were tame, exhibited friendly behavior, tail wagging, licking or nuzzling, and seeking out human social contact. The third generation had 5% of animals in this category. The sixth had 50%, and the tenth generation was past 80%. So fast!
15. John xxxx - Finally, Russia got to host the genetics conference. In 1977, this head of the department of genetics at NC State University was invited to the Akademgorodok (where the experiment was in Novosibirsk) to evaluate the Soviet research programs. He gave the programs flying colors. Belyayev, of course, showed him the animals. Like anyone exposed to them, his heart melted. This experiment became known as the the institute's calling card, their major achievement in the field. Tons of research papers and experiments regarding these animals (genetics, behavior, and psychology) were produced.
16. The xxxx Rush - A so-called time in Prince Edward Island when beautiful pelts rose from a couple hundred dollars to $2,500 on the world market. The finest breeding pairs were selling for tens of thousands of dollars. Russian fur breeders ended up importing several of these animals. By the late 1930s, the Soviet Union was one of the top exporters of this animal's fur. However, the animals were aggressive towards humans and everyone had to wear two inch thick gloves to avoid being bitten. Belyayev started his experiment at a fur farm with a small group of these animals.
18. This is a gesture humans make when they want to call attention to something. Dogs are geniuses at studying human gestures and knowing what humans want. An an experiment, food was hidden under one of two cans. The human would then make this gesture. Dogs immediately understood what the human was doing and went for the food. It was later repeated with toys to the same results. Wolves, as dogs' cousins, did not do well with this experiment. When this experiment was done with these animals, the control and aggressive groups didn't do well, either. However, the domesticated group did on average slightly better than dogs. Considering dogs have had tens of thousands of years to study humans and get used to gestures and reading humans' faces and tones of voice, no one expected an experiment only fifty years old domesticating these animals could produce animals that were even better than dogs at reading humans and interpreting their gestures. It's said these animals are loyal and smart like dogs, independent like cats.

Down

2. Humans have tried to domesticate many animals over the eons. For example, deer have been a good food source in parts of the world. But no matter how humans tried with the dozens of deer species, only this one species of deer has been domesticated. It's the same with horses and zebras: though similar, zebras could not be domesticated. So, just because two species are similar doesn't mean both can be domesticated. So, the question is this: why can some animals be domesticated and others can't?
3. Animals in the wild engage in less of this behavior as they mature--and many different species do this. Domestication, however, seems to prolong this behavior. Indeed, domestic dogs perform this behavior all the time. This behavior is important for social interaction and in a willingness to explore one's environment. In studies, once a wild adult animal knows something is not food, they're not interested in it. But domestic animals tend to continue interacting with the object, known as object xxxx, for no other reason than amusement. The animals in the experiment were exhibiting this behavior more and more.
5. Stalin promoted this uneducated peasant man to the director position at the Academy of Sciences. He did not believe in genetics. The only experience in crop breeding he has was in cultivating sugar beets. He ruined the careers of and sometimes executed Russian scientists who believed in and worked with genetics. Proving the genetic theory of evolution would expose him as a fraud. The animal domestication experiment had to disguise itself as a way to produce better furs and as a way of looking to breed animals more than once a year to increase pelt production. It was a dangerous time to be in genetics. Belyayev, however, was difficult to touch and shut down because he was well-respected by the government for being able to produce furs that sold extremely well on the world market, giving the USSR much-needed cash. Belyayev called this man a "scientific bandit".
6. According to the experiment, it's said these optimize an animal to its environment. The findings suggested a link between the selection for tameness and changes in xxxx regulation in the stress response and social behavior. The experiment provided insights into the genetic basis of the observed xxxx changes and their connection to the broader process of domestication. Later, it was proven there were significant changes due to domestication.
7. American xxxx -After the collapse of the USSR, funding became tight. The government tried to keep the experiment funded. For a while, they succeeded. Later, though, there was no funding for anything. Lyudmila had to go out and beg passing cars for money or food to feed the animals. They couldn't even pay any of the caretakers, though some remained to work free. Lyudmila wrote an article to this magazine to tell of the experiment and its plight. She had 700 animals at the start. While waiting through the -40F Siberian winter, she couldn't keep all the animals fed. Some starved. Others--mostly in the control and aggressive groups--she had to kill and sell furs to keep the tame group fed. Finally, this magazine published her article. She dared to hope that something would come of it. Letters began to pour in from around the world, from people asking how they could donate to the experiment, some a little, some tens of thousands of dollars. The experiment continues to this day. In the early 2010s, I heard you could purchase a nonbreeding animal from the experiment for $6,000 (and it would take an additional $3,000 for paperwork and importing the animal).
8. When a mother stares into a baby's eyes, this hormone becomes elevated in each. Same when people pet a dog. Scientists tried it with a wolf and the levels were unchanged. But when interacting with the animals in Belyayev's domestication experiment, it was shown this was also elevated in both the human and animal when interacting. This is a strong indication of a bond forming between humans and their domesticated pets. The animals in this experiment have never been domesticated before, and yet this distinct situation was showing up with them when being petted.
9. This man collected more than 250,000 domesticated plant specimens, and more live specimens than anyone in history. He wrote more than 350 papers, several books, mastered more than a dozen languages, and worked in trying to solve Russia's famines through crop breeding. He traveled the world looking for domesticated plant samples and the birthplace of domesticated plant species. Through studying plants, he was able to identify eight centers of world plant domestication. His life was like a movie: after WWI, his ship struck a German mine and sunk, losing the samples he had collected in a study; he was arrested on the Iran-Russia border and accused of being a spy because he had some German textbooks with him; in the central Asia region, his was abandoned by his guide, ditched from his caravan, and was attacked by robbers; he fell between two train cars on the border of Afghanistan and was left dangling by his elbows while the train kept running; in Syria, he contracted both malaria and typhus; and he contracted dysentery many times. In the end, due to his opposition to the government's anti-genetics stance, he was forbidden to travel abroad and he was publicly denounced. He refused to back down from his conviction of genetics. He was later thrown into prison and slowly starved to death over three years.
10. The xxxx in the Science of Biology - The most disingenuous speech made in the history of science. The speaker denounced Mendelian genetics and furthered Lamarckian inheritance, saying that acquired traits could not be inherited. Lamarckian inheritance argued that traits used by an organism over its lifetime can be inherited. For example, if an organism used a particular organ extensively, that organ would become more developed and then be inherited by its offspring. Genetics, on the other hand, used DNA to pass traits on. This speech and its adoption by the Communist Party set back Russian genetics for decades, making it dangerous to work the field.
11. Man is Making a New xxxx - Belyayev died in 1985. He wanted to write a book about these animals to let the world know. This is what he wanted to call the book. Lyudmila, who was handing the experiment for him since almost its inception, continued running the experiment after his death, and to this day. She ended up writing a book with another author, but used a different title.
14. Some of the domesticated animals began making a vocalization that sounded like this sound humans make. None of the control or aggressive animals ever made this vocalization. Lyudmila made several recordings and eventually found someone to analyze the sound. The researcher said if you graphed out this sound and put it next to a human making the sound, she'd be hard-pressed to tell the difference. It's eerily similar. On a side note, if you pull up any YouTube video of Finnegan Fox at SaveAFox, you can definitely hear him making the same vocalization when he's being petted.
17. Belyayev used this animal for the domestication experiment. Just how long did it take wolves to be domesticated into dogs? What pressures were involved? Did wolves self-select for domestication or did humans somehow begin breeding wolves? Who approached the other? Did it just slowly happen? Belyayev thought if they bred this animal solely on tameness, domestication could eventually follow. What other traits would follow along with domestication? Everyone would be surprised at what happened.

Across

4. It refers to the modification or transformation in the way business is conducted in response to internal factors or external influences. Change arises when factors that influence the operations of an organization do not stay the same. It can often be disruptive and unsettling, so the process must be managed carefully. Examples of change for PST include operating in new markets, relocation, external growth and diversification.
6. Also called inventories, they are the physical materials and goods that a business holds for further production or sale. In the case of PST, this refers to their stocks of fish. The value of stocks appears on PST's Balance Sheet under the sub-heading of current assets. Given the nature of the business, it is not a real surprise that the value of PST's stocks fluctuates quite significantly.
8. It encompasses several roles which include planning, commanding, controlling, coordinating and organizing human and capital resources to achieve organizational objectives. Managers focus on problem solving and decision-making so that goals can be achieved within a set time frame. Careful and effective it has helped PST to survive threats in the past.
10. It is an economic and political union between 27 member states in Europe (The United Kingdom formally left the EU on 31 January 2020). As a regional trading bloc, the member countries enjoy free trade, without protectionist measures such as tariffs and quotas. Nineteen of the members have monetary union by using the euro as their official currency. Finland is a member of it, where only about 3% of trawler crew members are female.
13. It is a short- common business objective, especially for new business start-ups or established firms struggling with sales and profits during a time of crisis. Smaller fishing businesses are struggling to it due to stricter government regulations, restrictions and quotas, and intensifying competition from overseas fishing businesses.
15. It is the process of using a line manager to support, guide and oversee the work of an employee. Supervisors meet their teams regularly, interact with them. And review their work. It aims to provide accountability for both the supervisor and supervisee by examining their practice and performance. Effective it leads to improved productivity, lower absenteeism, reduced mistakes, and prevention of conflict, and better staff morale.
20. In business management, they refer to any situation with a lack of certainty or confidence because the firm cannot control or accurately predict the outcome of its actions. A high degree of uncertainty can create many problems for businesses as it is more difficult to make well-informed decisions, so cause a firm such as PST to become risk adverse.
25. It is the total number of people employed by the organization. There are 40 people employees at PST.
27. It is the financial service enabling approved customers to borrow money or access goods and services with the agreement to pay at a later date. It is based on trust and the credit history (reputation) of the borrower. PST gives most customers one month credit and Presto (being Finland's largest upmarket business) receives it of 90 days.
29. It refers to any external factor that hinders the operations and profitability of an organization. Examples include the threat of foreign competition, technological/mechanical breakdowns, and adverse weather conditions.
31. these are the financial statements such as the Balance Sheet and the Profit and Loss Account that all limited liability companies are obliged by law to produce and
32. It is a third-party individual or firm hired by the main contractor of a project to help complete a project. They perform the roles assigned to them, taking responsibility for the outcome of their work. Clients hire them in order to reduce costs and/or to mitigate the risks associated with a business function. PST use them to serve the three trawlers, to transport the stocks of fish to markets, and to supply fuel for the fishing boats.
34. A type of internal stakeholder, they are the people who work for a business. They are employed by a business to carry out specific tasks within the organization. There are 40 of them working for PST.
38. This refers to the process of running an organization or business. It includes the management of business operations and a leadership role within the organization. Along with the finance and marketing functions, Tapio is responsible for these aspects of PST.
39. It refers to people travelling to places outside of their normal environment for the purpose of leisure and pleasure. It is a dynamic and competitive industry that caters for the changing needs and
41. It is a form of financial payment made to an employee, based on his/her job as specified in a contract of employment. It is a fixed amount paid on a periodic basis, usually per month. PST crew members are paid good of it.
43. This refers to the management of complex rules, laws and policies that businesses need to comply with in all areas of their operations. PST needs to act in accordance with government regulations, such as the fishing quota and requirement for accurate record-keeping of the weight of each catch.
44. They are individuals or other businesses to whom money is owed. This is because PST may have used trade credit from its suppliers (for its fishing nets, equipment and satellite equipment for the trawlers) or loan capital (such as bank overdrafts).
45. It is the process of developing the knowledge and skills of workers in order to enhance their confidence and competence in the workplace. The main forms of it is induction (for new staff at PST), on-the-job ( on board the trawlers, in the office or the warehouse) and off-the-job (training that takes place away from the normal place of work, such as health & safety and safeguarding training at the local college).
47. It refers to the legal responsibility for something, such as the debts of a company. It requires an individual or group stakeholder to be held accountable for something, such as financial prudence. As a private limited company, the Heikki family can enjoy limited liability.
49. It consists of businesses involved in a similar business activity so are in direct competition as they cater for the same client base. PST faces intense competition from foreign fishing businesses operating in the Finnish fishing industry.
50. Something given or paid in addition to what is usual or expected.

Down

1. It in the workplace means the firm hires a wide range of different people with different characteristics. It means there is an understanding and acceptance of individual employees different characteristics, such as their gender, age, race, ethnicity, cultural background, religion, gender, sexual orientation, abilities and so forth. It in the workplace can be beneficial as there may be more ideas generated, from different perspectives. It can also give the firm a positive corporate image as there is no discrimination based on people's differences. Currently, there are no female employees at PST who work on the fishing trawlers.
2. They are a time-based payment system frequently used to pay works a fixed amount on an hourly basis. Workers receive this payment for the work or services provided. Many technology firms in Finland are paying higher and more stable it, which makes fishing businesses less attractive as employers.
3. of customers, with a specific focus on Tourists in Finland enjoy sightseeing, outdoor activities (like skiing), and city breaks.
5. It is a large commercial building used by businesses for storing their manufactured goods. They are used by manufacturers and wholesalers. As they are usually very large, they tend to be located in industrial parks or away from the central business district, where space and rents are not at a major premium. PST chills its fish in warehouse; and freezes some of the fish there.
7. It is the commercial practise of removing too much fish from their natural habitat such that the species cannot replenish themselves in time. This can result in the fish stock becoming severely depleted or underpopulated, thus endangering the species. There is a global trend in it, with some foreign trawlers illegally overfishing.
9. This is a key business function, involves all aspects of finance in an organization. Examples of its functions include preparing financial reports and final accounts to provide accurate and timely information to aid decision making. Some of these functions at PST are outsourced.
11. It refers to the practice of using an external firm to provide certain aspects of the instead of doing these functions internally. It is a way for PST to reduce costs as well as to benefit from the specialist services of the third-party provider. The company use it for some accounting and human resource functions (lines 49,50).
12. A financial service that enables pre-approved customers to take out more money from their bank account than the available cash balance in the account. Essentially, it is a form of credit or short-term loan. Whilst PST did not need it in 2018, changes and challenges in the industry has required the company to take out it in 2019. The firm is also expected to require a $200,000 of it in 2020.
14. the struggle among producers for the dollars of consumers
16. It occurs when a person is given a task to do which they are required to carry out and be accountable for their actions and the outcome. For example, whilst the trawler captains have authority over the trawler crews, Pekka maintain overall of it for his staff out at sea. Hence, he takes it for mentoring the trawler captains to ensure proper safeguarding and compliance with health and safety laws.
17. They are the sale of domestically produced goods or services to overseas buyers, thereby earning money for the local economy. As a fishing nation, Finland does it with a large amount of fish each year.
18. It is a decision-making organization involved in the production of goods and/or services to satisfy a need or a want of customers. PST combines human, capital and financial resources for commercial fishing purposes.
19. It refers to the collective groups of existing and potential buyers and sellers of a particular good or a service. PST has operated in the commercial fishing market in Finland for many generations.
21. It is the process of assigning decision-making authority to another person to carry out specific duties or tasks. Tapio does these tasks to workers at PST whenever the opportunity arises. The person to whom the task has been given must ensure that it is carried out as they are accountable to their line manager for completing it. The ultimate responsibility for the task remains with the line manager. It acts to empower others in the organization and also frees up management time for other tasks and responsibilities.
22. rise and fall, continual variation
23. It is the surplus from sales revenue after all production costs have been deducted. It is a fundamental objective of most private sector organizations. In its most simplistic form, It = sales revenuetotal costs. Fishing quotas imposed by the government may reduce its catch and thus the future it of PST.
24. It refers to the monetary funds required for business purposes, such as funding the start-up of a new business venture, the day-to-day running of business, or its expansion. It for a business can be either internal (such as retained profit), or external (such as share capital or mortgages). Tapio is also in charge of the finance function at PST.
26. These are quantitative limits on the volume of a good or service that can be traded. The Finnish government has places quantitative quotas on the weight of fish that can be caught.
28. This is a business co-owned by at least two partners. In an ordinary partnership, there are between two to twenty owners, with unlimited liability. Partners share responsibility for the operations and success of the business. PST was originally established as a partnership for many generations, before becoming a private limited company in 2010.
30. the act of changing the residence or place of business;
33. It is a form of non-financial reward, which occurs when employees work with fellow colleagues to achieve organizational goals. It can build a sense of belonging and reduce boredom (of working alone), thereby helping to meet the social needs of employees. It can also help to raise labour productivity as employees support each other in their work, especially when trawler crews are out at sea together for several days at a time.
35. An organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders
36. They refer to a situation with unknown outcomes which could damage the financial health and viability of a business. Some risks, with a high degree of uncertainty, can cause a financial loss and possibly threaten the survival of the organization.
37. It is a category of training and is essentially about helping others to develop in their careers. The person who is doing it is a more experienced, skilled or knowledgeable person in the organization who guides a less experienced, skilled or knowledgeable colleague to progress in their career. The person (Pekka) uses their area of expertise (such as safeguarding and health & safety) to support and offer help them (trawler captains), as the need arises.
40. PST's ones in Appendix 1 show some concerns, such as declining sales revenue, lower profit margins, and a significant drop in the value of its current assets.
42. It is payment for the use of an asset, such as property or premises, that belongs to someone else. It is a type of fixed cost or expense, i.e. it must be paid irrespective of the level of output. It is one of the most expensive items of expenditure for PST for its office and warehouse.
46. It is an independent person or company appointed and authorized to act on behalf of another person in business and legal dealings. PST uses an agent to sell its fish products in overseas markets.
48. It is the money that an individual or business earn in return for the output generated in the production process. In the case of PST, larger fish supplies (due to overfishing) and falling market prices are reducing the company's ability to earn are a reasonable it.

Across

4. It refers to the modification or transformation in the way business is conducted in response to internal factors or external influences. Change arises when factors that influence the operations of an organization do not stay the same. It can often be disruptive and unsettling, so the process must be managed carefully. Examples of change for PST include operating in new markets, relocation, external growth and diversification.
6. Also called inventories, they are the physical materials and goods that a business holds for further production or sale. In the case of PST, this refers to their stocks of fish. The value of stocks appears on PST's Balance Sheet under the sub-heading of current assets. Given the nature of the business, it is not a real surprise that the value of PST's stocks fluctuates quite significantly.
8. It encompasses several roles which include planning, commanding, controlling, coordinating and organizing human and capital resources to achieve organizational objectives. Managers focus on problem solving and decision-making so that goals can be achieved within a set time frame. Careful and effective it has helped PST to survive threats in the past.
10. It is an economic and political union between 27 member states in Europe (The United Kingdom formally left the EU on 31 January 2020). As a regional trading bloc, the member countries enjoy free trade, without protectionist measures such as tariffs and quotas. Nineteen of the members have monetary union by using the euro as their official currency. Finland is a member of it, where only about 3% of trawler crew members are female.
13. It is a short- common business objective, especially for new business start-ups or established firms struggling with sales and profits during a time of crisis. Smaller fishing businesses are struggling to it due to stricter government regulations, restrictions and quotas, and intensifying competition from overseas fishing businesses.
15. It is the process of using a line manager to support, guide and oversee the work of an employee. Supervisors meet their teams regularly, interact with them. And review their work. It aims to provide accountability for both the supervisor and supervisee by examining their practice and performance. Effective it leads to improved productivity, lower absenteeism, reduced mistakes, and prevention of conflict, and better staff morale.
20. In business management, they refer to any situation with a lack of certainty or confidence because the firm cannot control or accurately predict the outcome of its actions. A high degree of uncertainty can create many problems for businesses as it is more difficult to make well-informed decisions, so cause a firm such as PST to become risk adverse.
25. It is the total number of people employed by the organization. There are 40 people employees at PST.
27. It is the financial service enabling approved customers to borrow money or access goods and services with the agreement to pay at a later date. It is based on trust and the credit history (reputation) of the borrower. PST gives most customers one month credit and Presto (being Finland's largest upmarket business) receives it of 90 days.
29. It refers to any external factor that hinders the operations and profitability of an organization. Examples include the threat of foreign competition, technological/mechanical breakdowns, and adverse weather conditions.
31. these are the financial statements such as the Balance Sheet and the Profit and Loss Account that all limited liability companies are obliged by law to produce and
32. It is a third-party individual or firm hired by the main contractor of a project to help complete a project. They perform the roles assigned to them, taking responsibility for the outcome of their work. Clients hire them in order to reduce costs and/or to mitigate the risks associated with a business function. PST use them to serve the three trawlers, to transport the stocks of fish to markets, and to supply fuel for the fishing boats.
34. A type of internal stakeholder, they are the people who work for a business. They are employed by a business to carry out specific tasks within the organization. There are 40 of them working for PST.
38. This refers to the process of running an organization or business. It includes the management of business operations and a leadership role within the organization. Along with the finance and marketing functions, Tapio is responsible for these aspects of PST.
39. It refers to people travelling to places outside of their normal environment for the purpose of leisure and pleasure. It is a dynamic and competitive industry that caters for the changing needs and
41. It is a form of financial payment made to an employee, based on his/her job as specified in a contract of employment. It is a fixed amount paid on a periodic basis, usually per month. PST crew members are paid good of it.
43. This refers to the management of complex rules, laws and policies that businesses need to comply with in all areas of their operations. PST needs to act in accordance with government regulations, such as the fishing quota and requirement for accurate record-keeping of the weight of each catch.
44. They are individuals or other businesses to whom money is owed. This is because PST may have used trade credit from its suppliers (for its fishing nets, equipment and satellite equipment for the trawlers) or loan capital (such as bank overdrafts).
45. It is the process of developing the knowledge and skills of workers in order to enhance their confidence and competence in the workplace. The main forms of it is induction (for new staff at PST), on-the-job ( on board the trawlers, in the office or the warehouse) and off-the-job (training that takes place away from the normal place of work, such as health & safety and safeguarding training at the local college).
47. It refers to the legal responsibility for something, such as the debts of a company. It requires an individual or group stakeholder to be held accountable for something, such as financial prudence. As a private limited company, the Heikki family can enjoy limited liability.
49. It consists of businesses involved in a similar business activity so are in direct competition as they cater for the same client base. PST faces intense competition from foreign fishing businesses operating in the Finnish fishing industry.
50. Something given or paid in addition to what is usual or expected.

Down

1. It in the workplace means the firm hires a wide range of different people with different characteristics. It means there is an understanding and acceptance of individual employees different characteristics, such as their gender, age, race, ethnicity, cultural background, religion, gender, sexual orientation, abilities and so forth. It in the workplace can be beneficial as there may be more ideas generated, from different perspectives. It can also give the firm a positive corporate image as there is no discrimination based on people's differences. Currently, there are no female employees at PST who work on the fishing trawlers.
2. They are a time-based payment system frequently used to pay works a fixed amount on an hourly basis. Workers receive this payment for the work or services provided. Many technology firms in Finland are paying higher and more stable it, which makes fishing businesses less attractive as employers.
3. of customers, with a specific focus on Tourists in Finland enjoy sightseeing, outdoor activities (like skiing), and city breaks.
5. It is a large commercial building used by businesses for storing their manufactured goods. They are used by manufacturers and wholesalers. As they are usually very large, they tend to be located in industrial parks or away from the central business district, where space and rents are not at a major premium. PST chills its fish in warehouse; and freezes some of the fish there.
7. It is the commercial practise of removing too much fish from their natural habitat such that the species cannot replenish themselves in time. This can result in the fish stock becoming severely depleted or underpopulated, thus endangering the species. There is a global trend in it, with some foreign trawlers illegally overfishing.
9. This is a key business function, involves all aspects of finance in an organization. Examples of its functions include preparing financial reports and final accounts to provide accurate and timely information to aid decision making. Some of these functions at PST are outsourced.
11. It refers to the practice of using an external firm to provide certain aspects of the instead of doing these functions internally. It is a way for PST to reduce costs as well as to benefit from the specialist services of the third-party provider. The company use it for some accounting and human resource functions (lines 49,50).
12. A financial service that enables pre-approved customers to take out more money from their bank account than the available cash balance in the account. Essentially, it is a form of credit or short-term loan. Whilst PST did not need it in 2018, changes and challenges in the industry has required the company to take out it in 2019. The firm is also expected to require a $200,000 of it in 2020.
14. the struggle among producers for the dollars of consumers
16. It occurs when a person is given a task to do which they are required to carry out and be accountable for their actions and the outcome. For example, whilst the trawler captains have authority over the trawler crews, Pekka maintain overall of it for his staff out at sea. Hence, he takes it for mentoring the trawler captains to ensure proper safeguarding and compliance with health and safety laws.
17. They are the sale of domestically produced goods or services to overseas buyers, thereby earning money for the local economy. As a fishing nation, Finland does it with a large amount of fish each year.
18. It is a decision-making organization involved in the production of goods and/or services to satisfy a need or a want of customers. PST combines human, capital and financial resources for commercial fishing purposes.
19. It refers to the collective groups of existing and potential buyers and sellers of a particular good or a service. PST has operated in the commercial fishing market in Finland for many generations.
21. It is the process of assigning decision-making authority to another person to carry out specific duties or tasks. Tapio does these tasks to workers at PST whenever the opportunity arises. The person to whom the task has been given must ensure that it is carried out as they are accountable to their line manager for completing it. The ultimate responsibility for the task remains with the line manager. It acts to empower others in the organization and also frees up management time for other tasks and responsibilities.
22. rise and fall, continual variation
23. It is the surplus from sales revenue after all production costs have been deducted. It is a fundamental objective of most private sector organizations. In its most simplistic form, It = sales revenuetotal costs. Fishing quotas imposed by the government may reduce its catch and thus the future it of PST.
24. It refers to the monetary funds required for business purposes, such as funding the start-up of a new business venture, the day-to-day running of business, or its expansion. It for a business can be either internal (such as retained profit), or external (such as share capital or mortgages). Tapio is also in charge of the finance function at PST.
26. These are quantitative limits on the volume of a good or service that can be traded. The Finnish government has places quantitative quotas on the weight of fish that can be caught.
28. This is a business co-owned by at least two partners. In an ordinary partnership, there are between two to twenty owners, with unlimited liability. Partners share responsibility for the operations and success of the business. PST was originally established as a partnership for many generations, before becoming a private limited company in 2010.
30. the act of changing the residence or place of business;
33. It is a form of non-financial reward, which occurs when employees work with fellow colleagues to achieve organizational goals. It can build a sense of belonging and reduce boredom (of working alone), thereby helping to meet the social needs of employees. It can also help to raise labour productivity as employees support each other in their work, especially when trawler crews are out at sea together for several days at a time.
35. An organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders
36. They refer to a situation with unknown outcomes which could damage the financial health and viability of a business. Some risks, with a high degree of uncertainty, can cause a financial loss and possibly threaten the survival of the organization.
37. It is a category of training and is essentially about helping others to develop in their careers. The person who is doing it is a more experienced, skilled or knowledgeable person in the organization who guides a less experienced, skilled or knowledgeable colleague to progress in their career. The person (Pekka) uses their area of expertise (such as safeguarding and health & safety) to support and offer help them (trawler captains), as the need arises.
40. PST's ones in Appendix 1 show some concerns, such as declining sales revenue, lower profit margins, and a significant drop in the value of its current assets.
42. It is payment for the use of an asset, such as property or premises, that belongs to someone else. It is a type of fixed cost or expense, i.e. it must be paid irrespective of the level of output. It is one of the most expensive items of expenditure for PST for its office and warehouse.
46. It is an independent person or company appointed and authorized to act on behalf of another person in business and legal dealings. PST uses an agent to sell its fish products in overseas markets.
48. It is the money that an individual or business earn in return for the output generated in the production process. In the case of PST, larger fish supplies (due to overfishing) and falling market prices are reducing the company's ability to earn are a reasonable it.

Across

4. Large marsupial
5. Likes to chase mice

Down

1. Has a trunk
2. Flying mammal
3. Man's best friend