105E.02 Vocabulary

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Across
  1. 3. sweat glands located all over the body that excrete sweat; open directly onto the skins surface through pores; most abundant on the forehead, palms of the hands, and soles of the feet; not associated with hair follicles
  2. 6. a mixture of sebum from the sebaceous glands and moisture from the sweat glands; serves as a protective barrie to keep bacteria out; helps maintain the skins normal pH range
  3. 7. study of the skin, its structure, functions, diseases, and treatments
  4. 11. function of the skin to secrete sebum
  5. 13. loose connective tissue made up of collagen and elastin; consists of loosely woven fibers that make skin soft and pliable; gives the skin strength, flexibility, and support
  6. 14. pigment granules containing melanin
  7. 16. function of the skin to help maintain the body's temperature
  8. 17. function of the skin to permit certain substances to penetrate through the cells of the epidermis, hair follicles, and sweat glands
  9. 20. pigmentation that occurs as a result of variables and external factors, such as overexposure to UV rays, acne,injuries to the skin, or hormones
  10. 22. glands such as sweat and sebaceous glans that release their secretions into ducts that deposit the granular secretions on the surface of the skin
  11. 23. layer of the skin immediately underlying the epidermis; made up of the papillary and reticular layers; also called the dermal layer, derma, cornium, cutis, or true skin
  12. 24. front portion of the nail matrix that creates a half-moon shape at the base of the nail plate; appears lighter in color when visible
  13. 25. organs that produce substances that perform a specific function of the body; glands are classified by where their secretions are places
  14. 26. technical name for nail
  15. 30. oil glands. that produce sebum
  16. 34. tiny openings or "passageways" that allow sweat or sebum to pass through the surface of the skin
  17. 35. form of protein called keratin
  18. 36. consist of protein keratin and epithelial cells that cover and protect the inside of the body; also called corneocytes
  19. 39. function of the skin; feeling or perception generated by tactile nerve endings just under the outer layer of the skin that makes you aware of heat, cold, touch, pain, and pressure
  20. 40. finger-like projections in the dermis filled with capillaries that supply nourishment to the epidermis and germinal matrix
  21. 43. outermost protective layer of the skin; composed of five layers of cells; also known as cuticle or epidermal layer
  22. 46. nail area that extends from the free edge to the matrix; made of layers of hard, nonliving, keratinized nail cells, with no nerves or blood vessels
  23. 48. made up of adipose and areolar tissues; also called the hypodermis, adipose, subcutis, or subdermis
  24. 49. found in the hair cortex, cuticle, and nail plate
  25. 50. function of the skin to climate sweat, salt, and waster products from the body, helping to remove toxins from the internal systems and regulate temperature
  26. 51. fatty tissue composed of adipocytes (fat cells); store energy, provide protection and insulate; located around organs and subcutaneous layer
  27. 53. upper layer of the dermis, rich in blood vessels, and capillaries
  28. 54. deepest level of the epidermis where mitosis or cell division takes place
  29. 55. prickle cell layer
  30. 56. study of the structure and growth of the nail
Down
  1. 1. layer of transparent or lucid cells in the epidermis; located on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet where there are no hair follicles
  2. 2. sensory cells that respond to touch
  3. 4. primary keratin of skin cells found in the epidermis
  4. 5. a pigment that gives skin and hair their color
  5. 8. helps protect the body from infection
  6. 9. glands of the endocrine system that release hormones directly into the blood; known as ductless glands
  7. 10. the live tissue at the underside portion of the proximal nail fold (PNF) covering the new growth of the nail plate; houses specialized stem cells that create the cuticle
  8. 12. surface ridges of the epidermis the palms and soles where the sweat pores open; provide palms and soles with traction (fingerprints)
  9. 15. sweat glands located under the arms, in the genitals, and the nipples; excrete a "milky sweat", activated at puberty
  10. 18. small tubular structures of the skin that produce sweat
  11. 19. uppermost layer of the epidermis; the toughest layer
  12. 21. small filaments that connect the epidermis to the dermis
  13. 27. living tissue on the sides of the nail that overlies the nail plate
  14. 28. cells that produce the melanosomes or pigment granules containing melanin that give color to the skin
  15. 29. active tissue that generates cells, which harden as they move outward to form the nail plate
  16. 31. a medical skin specialist
  17. 32. function of the skin to shield the body from the direct impact of heat, cold, bacteria, environmental pollutants, harsh temperatures, and UV radiation
  18. 33. muscle that extends from cells in the dermis and attaches to a follicle just below the sebaceous gland; causes the hair to stand on end when a person is scared or cold
  19. 37. layer of the epidermis below the stratum lucidum and above the stratum spinosum
  20. 38. area where the nail plates rests; nerves and blood vessels found here supply nourishment to the nail
  21. 41. the area underneath the free edge that creates a seal to prevent bacteria from entering the nail bed
  22. 42. lowest level of the dermis
  23. 44. part of the nail that extends beyond the finger or toe; protects the tips of the fingers and toes
  24. 45. process by which cells change their shape, push older cells to the surface; cells become flat, hard, and eventually die, forming a dead layer at the skins surface
  25. 47. outer covering of the hair strand; made up of overlapping layers of transparent scales; protects the cortex
  26. 52. protein substance found in the hair, skin, and nails; contains a chain of amino acids that include glycine, serine, leucine, and glutamic acid