Unit 2 Biology

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Across
  1. 5. A new cell formed by cell replication.
  2. 6. A stem cell that can differentiate only into one cell type.
  3. 10. Penetration of the egg by the sperm, and fusion of the egg and sperm nuclei.
  4. 11. Realting to a trait or phenotype whose appearance is subordinate to a dominant trait.
  5. 13. Stage of mitosis where sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles.
  6. 15. A visual depiction of the number, size and shape of chromosomes in a individual.
  7. 17. A phenotype that is observed only in homozygous individuals.
  8. 18. Primary layer of cells formed during embryogenesis.
  9. 20. A part of the chromosome that attaches to spindle fibres during mitosis, and where the two sister chromatids are joined.
  10. 21. A cell that can give rise to any cell type and potentially complete a new organism.
  11. 23. The site on a chromosome where a particular gene is located.
  12. 24. The events in the life of a cell from its formation by cell division through its growth and function until it divides again.
  13. 26. The process by which a single cell divides into two or more daughter cells.
  14. 29. The phase in the cell cycle when the cell is not undergoing mitosis.
  15. 31. A form of asexual reproduction in unicellular organisms, in which the parent cell divides into two parts.
  16. 32. Carry the same genes in the same loci
  17. 34. Inheritance of a trait passed from father to son.
  18. 36. A diploid organism with two identical alleles at a particular genetic locus
  19. 37. A form of asexual reproduction in which an organism breaks into two or more parts. Each of which regenerates the missing parts to form a complete organism.
  20. 38. The blastula stage in the development of a mammalian embryo.
  21. 42. A division of the nucleus that results in 4 genetically unique daughter cells.
  22. 43. A cross between individuals that have different pairs of alleles of a particular gene.
  23. 44. Containing half the normal number of chromosomes.
  24. 45. A complex structure consisting of DNA strands coiled around histone proteins, carrying the hereditary information of the cell in the form of genes.
  25. 46. The process of replication that creates a new biological entity such as a gene cell tissue or organism.
  26. 47. Process of cell death that involves a characteristic series of steps. also known as programmed cell death.
  27. 49. Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
  28. 50. The middle layer of the 3 primary germ layers in the early embryo.
  29. 52. An individual that has an allele for a condition but does not express the condition because it is masked by the dominant phenotype.
  30. 53. Inheritance of a gene on the x chromosome.
Down
  1. 1. A division of the nucleus that results in 2 genetically identical daughter cells.
  2. 2. The exchange of chromosomal material between non-sister chromatids of a homologous chromosome.
  3. 3. The expression of one allele of a gene rather than the other allele of the same gene.
  4. 4. The combination of alleles for a trait carried by an individual.
  5. 7. Able to be passed from parent to offspring, or from one generation to the next.
  6. 8. A cell that can develop only into cells of a similar type.
  7. 9. An observable characteristic or trait in an organism.
  8. 12. A section of DNA that contains instructions for making proteins.
  9. 14. One of the two copies of the chromosome formed during the S stage of Interphase.
  10. 16. Reproduction in which one parent gives rise to a new individual from its body cells. The resulting off-springs are genetically identical to their parent.
  11. 19. A form of asexual reproduction found in plants. In which a piece of plant is separated from the plant an grows into a new plant.
  12. 22. A cell that can develop into several different cell types.
  13. 25. A diploid individual with different alleles for a particular gene.
  14. 27. A form of asexual reproduction in unicellular organisms.
  15. 28. A form of asexual reproduction in which a new individual arises as an outgrowth or bud from the parent.
  16. 30. The development of an egg in the absence of fertilisation by sperm.
  17. 33. The division of a cell following meiosis or mitosis.
  18. 35. Two sets of chromosomes.
  19. 39. The occurrence of a phenotype in a heterozygote that results from the expression of both alleles.
  20. 40. An individual produced by a cross between parents with different genotypes.
  21. 41. The outermost layer of the three primary germ layers.
  22. 48. A haploid cell that when joining with another haploid cell becomes a zygote.
  23. 51. A cell that can differentiate into a specialised cell.