Vocabulary Crossword for Chapter 1
Across
- 2. __________ level of measurement: Qualitative or quantitative data. Data can be arranged in order, or ranked. Differences between data entries is not meaningful
- 5. Consist of information coming from observations, counts, measurements, or responses.
- 6. __________ random sample: Every possible sample of the same size has the same chance of being selected.
- 7. _________ variables: Occus when an experimenter cannot tell the difference between the effects of different factors on a variable.
- 9. __________ study: A researcher observes and measures characteristics of interest of part of a population.
- 10. A count or measure of an entire population.
- 16. __________ - __________ Experiment where neither the subject nor the experimenter knows if the subject is receiving a treatment or a placebo.
- 17. __________ effect: Occurs when a subject reacts favorably, when in fact the subject has been given a disguised fake treatment.
- 19. ___________ statistics: Involves organizing, summarizing, and displaying data.
- 21. __________ data: Numerical measurements or counts.
- 22. __________ - __________ design: Subjects are paired up according to a similarity. One subject in the pair is randomly selected to receive one treatment while the other subject receives a different treatment.
- 24. __________ sample: Divide a population into groups and select a random sample from each group.
- 26. ___________ statistics: Involves using sample data to draw conclusions about a population.
- 28. A treatment is applied to part of a population, called a treatment group, and responses are observed.
- 30. __________ sample: Divide the population into groups and select all of the members in one or more, but not all, of the groups.
- 34. __________ level of measurement: Quantitative. Similar to interval level. Zero entry is an inherent zero (implies “none”). A ratio of two data values can be formed. One data value can be expressed as a multiple of another
- 35. A numerical description of a sample characteristic.
- 36. The science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting data in order to make decisions.
- 37. A technique where the subject does not know whether he or she is receiving a treatment or a placebo.
Down
- 1. __________ data: Consists of attributes, labels, or nonnumerical entries.
- 3. __________ level of measurement: Qualitative data only. Categorized using names, labels, or qualities. No mathematical computations can be made
- 4. __________ sample: Every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.
- 8. A process of randomly assigning subjects to different treatment groups.
- 11. A subset, or part, of the population.
- 12. __________ level of measurement: Quantitative data. Data can ordered. Differences between data entries is meaningful. Zero represents a position on a scale (not an inherent zero – zero does not imply “none”)
- 13. __________ sample: Choose a starting value at random. Then choose every kth member of the population.
- 14. Randomized __________ design: Divide subjects with similar characteristics into blocks, and then within each block, randomly assign subjects to treatment groups.
- 15. The collection of all outcomes, responses, measurements, or counts that are of interest.
- 18. __________ randomized design: Subjects are assigned to different treatment groups through random selection.
- 20. A numerical description of a population characteristic.
- 23. __________ sample: Choose only members of the population that are easy to get. Often leads to biased studies.
- 25. Uses a mathematical or physical model to reproduce the conditions of a situation or process. Often involves the use of computers.
- 27. The repetition of an experiment using a large group of subjects.
- 29. An investigation of one or more characteristics of a population. Carried out on people by asking them questions.
- 31. __________ group: The part of the population where a treatment is applied.
- 32. __________ group: The part of the population where a NO treatment is applied.
- 33. __________ error: The difference between the results of a sample and those of the population.