H. Bio - Unit 4 Vocab Practice

123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748
Across
  1. 1. Adenine pairs with Thymine; Guanine pairs with Cytosine.
  2. 4. Sequence of DNA that is not involved in coding for a protein.
  3. 10. A sequence of three nucleotides on the messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid.
  4. 12. The type of RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis.
  5. 13. Bonds that form between the nitrogenous bases that form the "rungs" of the DNA ladder.
  6. 19. Single-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose.
  7. 20. Incomplete segment of new DNA synthesized on the lagging strand.
  8. 21. A change to the DNA that results in a STOP codon appearing too early in the aminoacidsequence.
  9. 23. The form of RNA found in the ribosome.
  10. 24. The two strands of DNA are oriented in opposite directions to each other.
  11. 26. A mutation involving the addition of one or more nucleotide pairs to a gene.
  12. 29. A sequence of three nucleotides on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to an mRNA codon.
  13. 30. Relaxed DNA.
  14. 32. The process of activating and inactivating genes within a cell.
  15. 34. Condensed DNA.
  16. 35. A nitrogen-containing base found in RNA, but not in DNA.
  17. 37. An enzyme that untwists the double helix of DNA at the replication forks.
  18. 38. A discontinuously synthesized DNA strand that elongates by means of Okazaki fragments, each synthesized in a 5' to 3' direction away from the replication fork.
  19. 40. A codon that signals to the ribosome to stop translation.
  20. 43. An enzyme that connects Okazaki fragments of DNA on the lagging strand.
  21. 44. Viral cycle where the virus may lay dormant within a cell for many years, then becoming activate, causing the host cell to start producing new virus.
  22. 46. Process by which the information in a gene is transcribed and translated into a protein.
  23. 47. When the DNA code is changed, but the new nucleotide sequence does not affect the final protein.
  24. 48. Shape of DNA.
Down
  1. 2. Expressed sequence of DNA; codes for a protein.
  2. 3. Enzyme that adds a short RNA sequence (the primer) to the DNA template strand; signals where replication should begin.
  3. 5. Synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template.
  4. 6. The new continuous complementary DNA strand synthesized along the template strand in the mandatory 5' to 3' direction.
  5. 7. Decoding of a mRNA message into a polypeptide chain.
  6. 8. Viral cycle that starts with infection and concludes with the cell dying as it releases new virus particles.
  7. 9. Enzyme that adds complementary nucleotides to the DNA template strand.
  8. 11. Gene mutation in which a single base pair in DNA has been changed.
  9. 14. An enzyme used by a retrovirus (HIV) to transcribe it's RNA back into DNA.
  10. 15. The enzyme that copies DNA into RNA.
  11. 16. Regions of DNA located at the tips of chromosomes.
  12. 17. Mutation that involves the insertion or deletion of a nucleotide in the DNA sequence, causing a shift in the "reading" frame of the genetic message.
  13. 18. A five-carbon sugar that is a component of DNA nucleotides.
  14. 19. Copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA.
  15. 22. RNA molecule that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to the rest of the cell.
  16. 25. A change in a gene or chromosome.
  17. 27. A five-carbon sugar that is a component of RNA nucleotides.
  18. 28. A codon that signals to the ribosomes to start translation.
  19. 31. a type of virus that has RNA as its genetic material (i.e. HIV).
  20. 32. A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific protein.
  21. 33. Building blocks of protein.
  22. 36. Kind of virus that infects bacteria.
  23. 39. a mutation in which one or more pairs of nucleotides are removed from a gene.
  24. 41. A building block of DNA.
  25. 42. A polymer (chain) of many amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.
  26. 45. Virus protein coat.