Topic 2

1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041
Across
  1. 3. a tropical plant of the pea family, which was formerly widely cultivated as a source of dark blue dye.
  2. 5. prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against a person or people on the basis of their membership in a particular racial or ethnic group, typically one that is a minority or marginalized.
  3. 8. people of good social position, specifically (in the UK) the class of people next below the nobility in position and birth.
  4. 11. a person or institution that owes a sum of money.
  5. 12. bring (goods or services) into a country from abroad for sale.
  6. 20. meeting, a meeting of the voters of a town for the transaction of public business.
  7. 21. colony, a colony governed directly by the crown through a governor and council appointed by it — compare charter colony, proprietary colony.
  8. 22. of Toleration,________ Act, (May 24, 1689), act of Parliament granting freedom of worship to Nonconformists (i.e., dissenting Protestants such as Baptists and Congregationalists). It was one of a series of measures that firmly established the Glorious Revolution (1688–89) in England.
  9. 23. Awakening, The Great Awakening stemmed the tide of Enlightenment rationalism among a great many people in the colonies. One of its results was division within denominations, for some members supported the revival and others rejected it.
  10. 24. a published false statement that is damaging to a person's reputation; a written defamation.
  11. 27. a written grant by a country's legislative or sovereign power, by which a body such as a company, college, or city is founded and its rights and privileges defined.
  12. 28. a member of a black people living on the coast of South Carolina and nearby islands.
  13. 29. school, small private school for young children run by women; such schools were the precursors of nursery, or infant, schools in England and colonial America.
  14. 30. of rights, the first ten amendments to the US Constitution, ratified in 1791 and guaranteeing such rights as the freedoms of speech, assembly, and worship.
  15. 31. send (goods or services) to another country for sale.
  16. 34. code, It was this fear of rebellion that led each colony to pass a series of laws restricting slaves' behaviors. The laws were known as slave codes. Although each colony had differing ideas about the rights of slaves, there were some common threads in slave codes across areas where slavery was common.
  17. 36. an inhabitant of a town or borough with full rights of citizenship.
  18. 37. Acts, in English history, a series of laws designed to restrict England's carrying trade to English ships, effective chiefly in the 17th and 18th centuries. Various fish imports and exports were entirely reserved to English shipping, as was the English coastal trade.
  19. 38. Government, That means it's a system of government in which citizens elect representatives who propose and vote on legislation or policy initiatives on their behalf. It's a form of indirect democracy, as opposed to direct democracy, in which people vote directly on policy initiatives.
  20. 39. Court, The general court, which functioned as a legislature, administrative agency, and judicial body, served as the central governing body of Massachusetts Bay from the colony's inception.
  21. 40. class, Pew defines “_____ class” as a person earning between two-thirds and twice the median American household income, which in 2019 was $68,703, according to the United States Census Bureau. That puts the base salary to be in the middle class just shy of $46,000.
  22. 41. legislative body of a country or state.
Down
  1. 1. tolerance, refers to the ability to appreciate spiritual values, beliefs, and practices that are different from your own. This goal is a complex one due to the great diversity of religions and spiritual beliefs existing in the world today. Religion is also a very emotional topic.
  2. 2. a person who journeys to a sacred place for religious reasons.
  3. 4. a member of a group of English Protestants of the late 16th and 17th centuries who regarded the Reformation of the Church of England under Elizabeth as incomplete and sought to simplify and regulate forms of worship
  4. 6. colony, in British American colonial history, a type of settlement dominating the period 1660–90, in which favorites of the British crown were awarded huge tracts of land in the New World to supervise and develop.
  5. 7. an inhabitant of New England or one of the northern states.
  6. 9. hostility and ill-treatment, especially because of race or political or religious beliefs.
  7. 10. trade,a multilateral system of trading in which a country pays for its imports from one country by its exports to another.used to refer to the trade in the 18th and 19th centuries that involved shipping goods from Britain to West Africa to be exchanged for slaves, these slaves being shipped to the West Indies and exchanged for sugar, rum, and other commodities which were in turn shipped back to Britain.
  8. 13. the economic theory that trade generates wealth and is stimulated by the accumulation of profitable balances, which a government should encourage by means of protectionism.
  9. 14. a person who is learning a trade from a skilled employer, having agreed to work for a fixed period at low wages.
  10. 15. Dutch, the German-speaking inhabitants of Pennsylvania, descendants of 17th- and 18th-century Protestant immigrants from the Rhineland.
  11. 16. a member of the Religious Society of Friends, a Christian movement founded by George Fox c. 1650 and devoted to peaceful principles. Central to the Quakers' belief is the doctrine of the “Inner Light,” or sense of Christ's direct working in the soul. This has led them to reject both formal ministry and all set forms of worship.
  12. 17. Revolution, The Glorious Revolution refers to the events of 1688–89 that saw King James II of England deposed and succeeded by one of his daughters and her husband. ... James's support dwindled, and he fled to France. William and Mary were then crowned joint rulers.
  13. 18. passage, historical sea passage of the North American continent. It represents centuries of effort to find a route westward from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean through the Arctic Archipelago of what became Canada.
  14. 19. de bois, a woodsman or trader of French origin
  15. 25. Compact,was a set of rules for self-governance established by the English settlers who traveled to the New World on the Mayflower.
  16. 26. Rebellion, The rebellion is significant in that it was the first to unite black and white indentured servants with black slaves against the colonial government, and, in response, the government established policies to ensure nothing like it would happen again.
  17. 31. Bill of Rights, The English Bill of Rights was an act signed into law in 1689 by William III and Mary II, who became co-rulers in England after the overthrow of King James II. The bill outlined specific constitutional and civil rights and ultimately gave Parliament power over the monarchy.
  18. 32. crop, a crop produced for its commercial value rather than for use by the grower.
  19. 33. a union or association formed for mutual benefit, especially between countries or organizations.
  20. 35. the action of enlightening or the state of being enlightened.