Middle Ages and Renaissance
Across
- 3. Church tax; usually one-tenth of a peasant family’s income
- 6. Non-religious
- 8. person receiving a fief from a lord
- 10. Leader of the Roman Catholic Church who asked European Christians to fight Muslims in exchange for the forgiveness of their sins; he began the Crusades
- 11. The common name for a major outbreak of plague that spread across Asia, North Africa, and Europe in the 1300s that killed 30-60% of Europeans
- 12. A Renaissance intellectual movement in which thinkers studied classical texts and focused on human potential and achievements
- 15. Invented the printing press in the 1400s
- 17. A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king
Down
- 1. lord’s estate
- 2. The everyday language of people in a region or country
- 4. A series of 5 holy wars declared by the Catholic Pope in which Crusaders fought to take back the Holy Land from the Muslims
- 5. Economic system during the Middle Ages that revolved around self-sufficient farming estates where lords and peasants shared the land
- 7. landowner
- 9. 800 CE crowned by the Pope as the head of the Holy Roman Empire
- 13. warrior on horseback who promised to defend his lord’s land
- 14. peasant who worked the land of a lord and could not lawfully leave it
- 16. land granted by a lord to a vassal