Final Crossword - Ellie Camarata, ASTR&100 Winter 2024

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Across
  1. 2. A _____ eclipse that occurs when the moon moves between the sun and Earth, and casts a shadow on Earth.
  2. 5. The heaviest element stars can produce during fusion. Even heavier elements can be formed during late red giant stages of low-mass stars, as well as in supernovae.
  3. 10. The point in a planet, asteroid, or comets orbit where it is nearest to the sun.
  4. 11. This planet is known for its being the largest planet in our solar system and a Giant Red Spot, which is a large and centuries old hurricane.
  5. 12. This planet is thought by some to previously had liquid water, because of the surface features that resemble rivers and remnants of floods on Earth.
  6. 13. An extremely luminous galactic nucleus found in the centers of active galaxies.
  7. 14. This type of galaxy features no arms, usually no galactic disk, and little to no star formation. They have a halo of older, red stars as well as hot interstellar gases as opposed to cool gas and dust.
  8. 18. A remaining piece of space rock that entered Earth's atmosphere and reached the surface.
  9. 25. First observations of _____ were done by Jocelyn Bell in 1967. They are short and rapid bursts of radiation theorized to be from spinning Neutron stars.
  10. 26. Sequence The _____ _____ is a classification of star types based on luminosity and surface temperature that most stars belong to.
  11. 30. Mixture of the atoms and molecules of various gas and dust in space between stars in known as ______ medium.
  12. 31. A layer of gases above the surface of a planet that intercepts some kinds of radiation.
  13. 32. Nuclear _____ is the process of combining molecules to create heavier ones and releasing energy is responsible for the sun's and other stars' output of energy.
  14. 33. Particles that are little 'packets' of electromagnetic radiation
  15. 35. Hole This occurs when large amounts of mass are packed into a very small volume. The gravitational force of this extremely dense object could crush even a Neutron star.
  16. 36. The ability for a camera or telescope to generate images with separate and distinguishable objects. Larger telescopes are better at this compared to smaller ones.
  17. 37. Matter _____ _____ is the name given to the invisible mass that exists in our galaxy. Part of its name comes from the characteristic of how so far the material in unobservable at all electromagnetic wavelengths.
  18. 38. This planet is imperceivable to the naked eye and is the farthest planet in our solar system from the sun.
Down
  1. 1. Stage 4 of pre-stellar evolution. A condensing gaseous cloud begins to resemble a star that is larger than our sun. Though it is shrinking while also increasing in mass and temperature.
  2. 3. Supermassive galaxies often lie at the centers of galaxy clusters. This can be explained through an interaction between one low-mass and one higher-mass star known as galactic ______.
  3. 4. This planet is known for its mostly smooth surface and slow, retrograde rotation that produces no detectable magnetic field.
  4. 6. Saturn is most famous for its _____. Though, all four Jovian planets in our solar system have this feature around their equator.
  5. 7. This type of galaxy (including our own) has galactic arms that originate close to the Bulge and spiral outwards towards the galactic disk.
  6. 8. Bang In the very beginning of the universe everything (all matter, radiation, etc.) was confined to a single, dense, high temperature point. Then everything began to expand causing an extremely violent event known as the _____ ______.
  7. 9. A _____ telescope bends incoming beams of light through the use of lenses.
  8. 15. This stellar property is also called absolute brightness. It is different from apparent brightness as it intrinsic to the subject regardless of the observer.
  9. 16. This element is what stars make from fusing hydrogen atoms in stages 8 & 9, as well as what is fusing in stage 10 to make carbon.
  10. 17. These icy dwarf planets are farther from the sun than Neptune and are the largest objects found in the Kuiper Belt.
  11. 19. Through galactic _____ and interactions comes and impact that can incite the formation of new stars as well as increase the chances of a galactic merge or acquisition.
  12. 20. Life forms found on Earth that have adapted for survival in extreme environments. They often have evolved to possess the ability to create energy for themselves through the use of chemicals over sunlight.
  13. 21. The point in a planet, asteroid, or comets orbit where it is farthest from the sun.
  14. 22. The _____ effect explains the change in frequency in a wave when the observer and or the source are moving with respect to one another
  15. 23. Every star has a _____ zones. Earth-like planets orbiting within it have the potential to possess liquid water, and thus are the best contenders for harboring life.
  16. 24. A _____ eclipse occurs when the Earth moves between the sun and moon, and casts a shadow darkening the moon.
  17. 27. _____ holes appear as dark areas on the sun's surface, because there is no matter there. The gas escapes into space at high speeds through disruptions in the sun's atmosphere and electromagnetic field.
  18. 28. Frank _____ proposed an equation that allows for an estimation for the probability of other intelligent life in the galaxy.
  19. 29. The circulating process that occurs due to the nature of cool matter sinking and warm matter rising.
  20. 34. Energy _____ _____ is the mysterious forge that is not matter or radiation causing the empty space in the Universe to expand.