American History

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Across
  1. 2. A 1770 event where British soldiers killed five colonists during a protest. It was used as propaganda to stir anti-British feelings.
  2. 7. The 1803 U.S. purchase of land from France that doubled the size of the country and gave control of the Mississippi River.
  3. 11. A 1794 protest by farmers in Pennsylvania against a tax on whiskey. The government quickly crushed it, showing its new power under the Constitution.
  4. 15. A 1786–87 uprising of poor farmers in Massachusetts who were angry about debt and taxes. It showed the weakness of the Articles of Confederation and pushed leaders to call for a stronger government.
  5. 16. The belief that the U.S. had the right and duty to expand westward across the North American continent.
  6. 18. A secret network of people and safe places that helped enslaved people escape to freedom, especially in the North and Canada.
  7. 19. The movement to give women the right to vote.
  8. 22. The mass migration to California after gold was discovered in 1848, leading to rapid population growth and statehood.
  9. 23. A machine invented by Eli Whitney that quickly removed seeds from cotton, greatly increasing cotton production—and the demand for slave labor.
  10. 24. English Protestants who wanted to “purify” the Church of England by removing Catholic practices. Many migrated to New England for religious freedom.
  11. 26. An agreement signed by the Pilgrims in 1620 to form a self-governing community based on majority rule.
  12. 27. President Lincoln’s 1863 order that freed enslaved people in Confederate territory.
  13. 28. A 1676 uprising in Virginia led by Nathaniel Bacon. Poor settlers, including former indentured servants, rebelled against the governor for failing to protect them from Native American attacks and favoring wealthy elites.
  14. 29. A Native American uprising in 1763, led by Chief Pontiac, against British rule in former French territories after the Seven Years' War.
  15. 30. A set of laws meant to ease tensions between North and South, including admitting California as a free state and creating a strict Fugitive Slave Act.
Down
  1. 1. The practice of giving government jobs to political supporters and friends, started under Andrew Jackson.
  2. 3. The forced transportation of millions of Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to be sold into slavery in the Americas, especially to work on plantations.
  3. 4. A law that let settlers in those territories decide on slavery; it effectively repealed the Missouri Compromise.
  4. 5. A document adopted on July 4, 1776, in which the American colonies officially declared their independence from Britain and listed their reasons.
  5. 6. A man-made waterway connecting the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean through New York, which boosted trade and helped New York City grow.
  6. 8. A religious revival in the 1730s–1740s that encouraged emotional preaching, personal faith, and challenged traditional church authority.
  7. 9. Amendment to the United States Constitution abolished slavery in the United States.
  8. 10. The forced march of thousands of Cherokee and other Native Americans from their homelands to territory west of the Mississippi, where many died from disease and hunger.
  9. 12. The site of John Brown’s failed 1859 raid on a federal arsenal in hopes of sparking a slave uprising.
  10. 13. A law passed in 1820 that allowed Missouri to enter as a slave state and Maine as a free state while banning slavery north of the 36°30′ line in the Louisiana Territory.
  11. 14. The first ten amendments to the Constitution, added to protect freedoms like speech, religion, and due process.
  12. 17. A process in England where landowners fenced off common land for private use, forcing many small farmers off the land and increasing poverty, leading some to seek opportunity in America.
  13. 20. A system of government where citizens elect representatives to make decisions and laws. It rejects monarchy and is based on the idea of the people's authority.
  14. 21. A policy declaring that the U.S. would oppose European interference in the Americas and wouldn't get involved in European affairs.
  15. 25. The 1783 agreement that officially ended the American Revolution. Britain recognized U.S. independence and gave the U.S. land west to the Mississippi River.