Unit 1-2 Exam Crossword
Across
- 2. People born in Spain living in the colonies at the top of society.
- 4. Native people of the American Southwest known for adobe houses and farming.
- 7. Monotheistic religion based on the teachings of Jesus Christ.
- 9. Belief in many gods.
- 11. The belief that natural objects like plants, animals, and land have spirits or souls.
- 13. 1621 harvest feast shared between Pilgrims and the Wampanoag.
- 14. Domination of one group over others, often through cultural or political control.
- 17. 1680 Native uprising in New Mexico that drove out the Spanish.
- 19. A land connection between Asia and North America that early peoples used to migrate into the Americas.
- 22. Large wooden dwellings used by Iroquois and other Northeastern tribes.
- 23. Artificial islands used by the Aztecs to farm on lakes and wetlands.
- 24. Native people of New England who helped the Pilgrims survive.
- 26. The process of settling and controlling lands outside a country’s borders.
- 31. Italian explorer who sailed for Spain and reached the Americas in 1492.
- 33. Ship that carried the Pilgrims to North America in 1620.
- 35. Incan city built high in the Andes, famous for stone architecture.
- 41. Large South American empire centered in the Andes Mountains, known for engineering and roads.
- 42. Farming on steps cut into mountainsides to make land usable.
- 44. Nomadic people of the Great Basin region who hunted, gathered, and traded.
- 45. The brutal sea voyage that carried enslaved Africans to the Americas.
- 47. Capital city of the Aztec Empire, built on an island in Lake Texcoco.
- 48. System Spanish system granting settlers control of land and Native labor.
- 51. Spanish system of converting Indigenous people to Christianity through settlements.
- 54. Wooden houses built by Pacific Northwest tribes from cedar planks.
- 55. Native people of the Pacific Northwest known for fishing and trade.
- 56. Cash crop that ensured the survival and success of Jamestown.
- 57. System of trading enslaved Africans across the Atlantic to the Americas.
- 59. Spanish soldier-explorer who conquered lands in the Americas.
- 60. Alliance of five later six Native nations in the Northeast with a shared government.
- 61. Spanish document read to Natives demanding conversion or conquest.
- 62. Largest Mississippian city with large earthen mounds.
- 63. Spanish priest who opposed the mistreatment of Natives.
- 64. A ruler with total power over government and people.
Down
- 1. Rock carvings made by prehistoric peoples.
- 3. The transfer of plants, animals, people, and diseases between the Old World and the New World.
- 5. People of mixed European and Native ancestry.
- 6. Early mound-building culture in the Ohio River Valley.
- 8. The “lost colony” of early English settlers in North Carolina.
- 10. agriculture Farming method where vegetation is cut and burned to clear land and enrich soil.
- 12. Corn; the most important crop for many Native American civilizations.
- 15. Powerful Mesoamerican empire in central Mexico, known for warfare, tribute, and human sacrifice.
- 16. Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incan Empire.
- 18. Mesoamerican civilization known for advanced math, writing, astronomy, and city-states.
- 20. Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztec Empire.
- 21. Spanish laws that organized colonial society and treatment of Natives.
- 25. Belief in only one god.
- 27. Colony founded in 1620 by Pilgrims in present-day Massachusetts.
- 28. French colonies in North America, centered on trade and alliances.
- 29. Capital city of the Incan Empire.
- 30. Rigid social hierarchy in Spanish America based on race and birthplace.
- 32. People who get food by hunting animals and gathering wild plants.
- 34. Exchange of animal furs, especially beaver, between French colonists and Native tribes.
- 36. People of Spanish descent born in the Americas.
- 37. Deadly disease from Europe that devastated Native populations in the Americas.
- 38. Moving from place to place without permanent homes.
- 39. 1701 treaty between France and 39 Native nations for peace and alliances.
- 40. Staying in one place and building permanent settlements.
- 43. The Spanish effort to drive Muslims out of Iberia, completed in 1492.
- 46. Spanish governing body that oversaw colonies in the Americas.
- 49. Spanish settlers who controlled land and labor under the encomienda system.
- 50. The first permanent English settlement in North America, founded in 1607.
- 52. Native people of coastal California who lived in villages and traded widely.
- 53. A society where people are equal and share resources fairly.
- 58. Sun-dried clay brick used for building in the Southwest.