Chapter 2- The Chemistry of Life Vocabulary

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Across
  1. 2. The simplest type of carbohydrate, consisting of a single sugar molecule that cannot be broken down into smaller sugars.
  2. 8. Substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction.
  3. 10. Protein catalysts that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions.
  4. 11. Regions surrounding the atomic nucleus containing a specific number of electrons.
  5. 12. Atom that has a positive or negative charge.
  6. 13. Negatively charged particle; located in the space surrounding the nucleus.
  7. 15. Compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH–) in solution; with a pH of more than 7.
  8. 19. A subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton but without an electric charge, present in all atomic nuclei except those of ordinary hydrogen.
  9. 21. Type of bond between atoms in which the electrons are shared.
  10. 22. A carbohydrate formed by long chains of repeating units linked together by glycosidic bonds.
  11. 25. One of several forms of a single element, which contains the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
  12. 26. Substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions.
  13. 30. Energy input that is needed for a reaction to begin.
  14. 32. A molecule containing a very large number of atoms, such as a protein, nucleic acid, or synthetic polymer.
  15. 33. Covalent bond forms between the carbon atom of the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the nitrogen atom of the amino group of another.
  16. 34. A stable subatomic particle occurring in all atomic nuclei, with a positive electric charge equal in magnitude to that of an electron.
  17. 35. Reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.
Down
  1. 1. A waxy substance found in the blood.
  2. 3. Weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom.
  3. 4. Macromolecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair.
  4. 5. A scale used to measure the acidity or basicity of a solution.
  5. 6. Smallest unit of most compounds that displays all the properties of that compound.
  6. 7. Process that changes, or transforms, one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals.
  7. 9. A compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Forms the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.
  8. 14. Macromolecule containing hydrogen, oxygen. Nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus.
  9. 16. Chemical bond formed when one of more electrons are transferred form one atom to another.
  10. 17. Macromolecule made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waves.
  11. 18. A strong affinity for water.
  12. 20. The property of a substance that repels water or does not mix with it.
  13. 23. Compound with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end.
  14. 24. Compound that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in solution; a solution with a pH of less than 7.
  15. 27. The base unit of matter.
  16. 28. Compound made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; types of nutrients that are the major source of energy in the body.
  17. 29. Relating to or derived from living matter.
  18. 31. Pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom.