Henry VII and the nobility

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Across
  1. 3. John ______ served as Chancellor from 1486 to 1500.
  2. 7. Institution that grew stronger as more land was brought under its direct control.
  3. 9. Meetings of noblemen called by the King in emergencies or for major decisions.
  4. 12. People in the service of a nobleman, often wearing his livery and badge.
  5. 13. Title held by John de Vere, who became a major landowner in East Anglia.
  6. 15. Nobleman fined £70,550 in 1506 for keeping too many retainers.
  7. 16. Written agreements promising payment if a person failed to carry out their obligations under Henry VII.
  8. 17. Title granted to Jasper Tudor, along with the restoration of his Welsh estates.
  9. 18. Many noble families were said to be “at the King’s ___” under Henry VII’s strict control.
  10. 22. Type of land taken from Henry’s opponents and used to reward loyal supporters.
  11. 23. Noble family whose estates were taken after Bosworth but later restored when their heir proved loyal.
  12. 25. This king imprisoned Thomas Howard after Bosworth but later restored him as Earl of Surrey.
  13. 27. Highest honour Henry VII could award, given for prestige rather than land or power.
Down
  1. 1. The 1486 Act of ______ recovered properties granted away since 1455.
  2. 2. Law used by monarchs to declare nobles guilty without trial, often stripping them of lands and titles.
  3. 4. The King profited from arranged ______ of heirs and heiresses and controlled unions to prevent rival power blocs.
  4. 5. William ______ served as Chancellor from 1504 to 1509.
  5. 6. Position indicating the King’s trust and loyalty, held by senior advisors.
  6. 8. System by which the Crown distributed favours and rewards to loyal subjects.
  7. 10. Title held by Thomas, Lord Stanley, who retained control of Lancashire and Cheshire.
  8. 11. Group whose behaviour Henry VII sought to control through bonds, recognisances, and attainders.
  9. 14. Formal acknowledgements of debts or obligations, requiring payment if broken.
  10. 17. Magnate who, like Northumberland, was suspected of employing more men than necessary to evade the law.
  11. 19. Battle where Thomas Howard and his father fought for Richard III against Henry Tudor.
  12. 20. Source of power that Henry VII sought to increase by recovering estates for the Crown.
  13. 21. When the King took control of a minor’s estate until they came of age, keeping most of the profits.
  14. 24. The clothing or badge showing which lord a servant or soldier was retained by.
  15. 26. Payment made to the King as land was inherited, similar to an inheritance tax.