Core Principles and Precautions

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Across
  1. 3. STERILE BARRIER : Cap, mask, sterile gown, sterile gloves, full body drape for high-risk procedures such as central lines.
  2. 4. : State of being free from pathogenic microorganisms; goal of sterile technique.
  3. 6. : Negative-pressure airborne infection isolation room maintaining airflow into the room to contain contaminants.
  4. 9. HAND RUB : Preferred hand antisepsis when hands not visibly soiled; apply for 20–30 seconds to all surfaces.
  5. 12. ANTIMISEPSIS : Reduction of transient and resident flora at insertion/operative sites using a suitable antiseptic.
  6. 15. : Microbial load on an item or surface before reprocessing; impacts disinfection/sterilisation efficacy.
  7. 16. : Sequenced removal of PPE to avoid self-contamination with hand hygiene between steps.
  8. 17. : Inanimate object capable of transmitting pathogens between individuals.
  9. 18. PRECAUTIONS : Minimum IPC practices for all patients regardless of infection status; include HH, PPE, respiratory etiquette.
  10. 20. CONTROL : Measures that reduce emission of infectious material from the patient (e.g., masking, covering wounds).
  11. 21. RESPIRATOR : Australian terminology for N95-class respirator; requires fit testing and fit checking.
  12. 22. CHECK : User seal check performed each time a tight-fitting respirator is donned; not a substitute for fit testing.
Down
  1. 1. CLEANING : Structured cleaning and disinfection processes to reduce contamination and transmission risk.
  2. 2. PRECAUTIONS : Additional measures (Contact, Droplet, Airborne) based on pathogen route.
  3. 5. HAND ANTISEPSIS : Preoperative hand preparation with antimicrobial soap or ABHR using brushless technique.
  4. 7. PRECAUTIONS : For aerosols; P2/N95 respirator and preferably an airborne infection isolation room.
  5. 8. : Broad-spectrum antiseptic; commonly 2% in 70% alcohol for skin preparation.
  6. 10. : Sequenced application of PPE to achieve correct coverage and respiratory seal without contamination.
  7. 11. HYGIENE : Core IPC action performed at WHO 5 Moments using ABHR or soap and water when visibly soiled.
  8. 13. : Aseptic Non-Touch Technique that protects key parts and key sites using non-touch technique and sterile fields.
  9. 14. PRECAUTIONS : For pathogens spread by direct/indirect contact; gown and gloves, dedicated equipment, enhanced cleaning.
  10. 17. TESTING : Validated process establishing a tight-fitting respirator model/size that achieves an adequate seal for the wearer.
  11. 19. PRECAUTIONS : For large respiratory particles; surgical mask within specified distance and patient masking during transport.