Domain 1

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Across
  1. 8. Food additive that can be used as a flour treatment agent. It oxidizes the naturally occurring carotenoids in flour, which gives untreated flour a yellowish tint, and whitens the flour as a result.
  2. 10. A food processing technique in which the food is exposed to doses of ionising energy, or radiation. At low doses, irradiation extends a product's shelf life.
  3. 12. Involves collecting and analyzing numerical data using mathematical or statistical methods to understand and explain phenomenaEx. Numerical data (2 types), discrete (counting), continuous (measurement)
  4. 14. Ratings about opinions or perceptions, or demographic factors that are categorized into levels or brackets
  5. 18. An enlargement of an organ or tissue caused by cell growth. Hyperplasia is when this enlargement is caused by an increase in the number of cells.
  6. 19. The statistical likelihood that results are due to chance. This value shows support level of support for hypothesis and must be determined prior to running an experiment.
  7. 20. The proportion of afflicted individuals who test positive
  8. 22. Describe -> design -> collect -> fit -> predict Key engineering steps: describe & predict Key mathematical steps: design, collect, & fit
  9. 26. Collects data from a population or sample at a single point in time
  10. 27. Study of disease among people. This includes distribution of the disease, how the disease is located among the population, how the disease is spread, what causes the disease, and the frequency of the disease in the population.
  11. 28. The consistency and dependability of a measurement
  12. 31. A glycoprotein that helps the intestines absorb vitamin B12. It's produced by the parietal cells in the stomach lining and binds with vitamin B to protect it from digestion as it's absorbed in the small intestine's ileum.
  13. 32. A research study design where participants are randomly assigned to different groups, one of which receives a new intervention or treatment, while the others serve as a control group Key words: randomized, experiment, control group, causation, intervention, placebo
  14. 36. Measuring what it is supposed to measure (i.e. screening tool)
  15. 40. Substances found in small quantities in a wide variety of foods. The myriad compounds differ in chemical structure but can be classified into groups. Many bioactive compounds confer a health benefit.
  16. 41. A reaction in which there is a transfer of electrons from one compound to another. Fat Oxidation is the process of breaking down fats into fatty acids and glycerol.
  17. 42. A toxic chemical that produces a mold that infects produce. Promptly removing rotten apples helps to protect the other apples in produce storage.
  18. 44. with their beliefs.
  19. 45. A catabolic process that breaks down fatty acid molecules to produce energy and acetyl-CoA
  20. 48. A mixture of enzymes found in pineapples (Ananas comosus) that digest protein (proteolytic)
  21. 49. Variable affected by the change
  22. 52. A scale is used to evaluate consumer likes and dislikes related to food, including sensory criteria.
  23. 53. The proportion of unafflicted individuals who test negative
  24. 54. A type of observation study that compares individuals who have a specific outcome (cases) with individuals who do not (controls) to investigate potential risk factors or associations Key words: cases, control, retrospective, compared histories, exposure
  25. 55. Predicts the relationship; null = no relationship
  26. 56. Measures how much data points in a dataset vary around their mean (average)
  27. 57. Diabetes diagnosed for the first time during pregnancy. Like other types of diabetes, gestational diabetes affects how the body's cells use sugar, which also is called glucose. In people who have gestational diabetes, blood sugar usually returns to its typical level soon after the baby is born.
  28. 58. A type of research that establishes a correlation relationshipEx. Case report, case study, case series, surveys, correlational studies, ecological studies
  29. 59. (R value)A statistical measure that quantifies the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two variables
Down
  1. 1. Type of variable that can take on any valuable within a given range, including fractions and decimals
  2. 2. Combines the results of similar studies to provide the answer to a research question based on the available research around that question
  3. 3. An inferential statistic used to determine if there is a significant difference between the means of two groups and how they are related
  4. 4. A research design that, like true experiments, aims to establish cause-and-effect relationships between an independent and dependent variable but does not rely on random assignment of participants
  5. 5. The degree that a test correctly identifies those with the disease as having the disease (true positives) and the degree of false negatives.
  6. 6. Compounds that provide a sweet taste without adding calories or glycemic effect. They are more intense that nutritive sweeteners and are only needed in small quantities. Also known as artificial sweeteners, sugar substitutes, or low-calorie sweeteners.
  7. 7. (P Value)Likelihood that results are due to chance; shows level of support for the hypothesis
  8. 9. Crops that are grown on farms that have not used most synthetic pesticides, herbicides, or fertilizers for three years before harvest.
  9. 11. Nutrient standards derived from the Daily Reference Values (DRV) and Reference Daily Intakes (RDI). DRVs are provided for total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, total carbohydrate, dietary fiber, sodium, potassium, and protein. RDIs are provided for vitamins, minerals, and protein for children younger than 4 years of age and for pregnant and lactating women. In order to limit consumer confusion, however, the label includes a single term (ie, Daily Value [DV]), to designate both the DRVs and RDIs.
  10. 13. A term used to describe children who have not developed or grown normally, usually due to a lack of weight gain
  11. 15. Goal of inferential statistics is to discover some property or general pattern about a large group by studying a smaller group of people in the hopes that the results will generalize to the larger group
  12. 16. These are 1. Express empathy 2. Develop a discrepancy 3. Avoid arguments 4. Roll with resistance5. Self Efficacy
  13. 17. All cases in an at-risk population
  14. 21. Variable that is changed
  15. 23. People's tendency to process information by looking for, or interpreting, information that is consistent with their existing beliefs. This biased approach to decision making is largely unintentional, and it results in a person ignoring information that is
  16. 24. A method of inquiry focused on understanding and interpreting the nuances of human experiences, behaviors, and social phenomena Ex. Descriptive data based on observations, involves the 5 senses
  17. 25. A food processing technique for perishable products in which the atmosphere that has been modified to be able to extend the shelf life of packaged products. This slows/prevents the oxidation process by reducing the oxygen present in the packaging.
  18. 29. Process of chilling oil to 45°F to remove the fatty acids with higher melting points (such as triglycerides) and filtering them out. This process creates winterized oils that are clear and not cloudy when refrigerated. Examples of winterized oils are corn, soy, and cottonseed oils, which are primarily used in salad dressings.
  19. 30. Reflection of confidence to perform and improved self-perception of obtaining success.
  20. 33. Incidence of deaths in a population (mort = death)
  21. 34. A hormone that your pancreas makes to help regulate your blood glucose (sugar) levels. Glucagon increases your blood sugar level and prevents it from dropping too low, whereas insulin, another hormone, decreases blood sugar levels.
  22. 35. Analysis of Variance, is a statistical test used to analyze the difference between the means of more than two groups
  23. 37. A type of observational research that follows a group of individuals (a “cohort”) over time to examine the relationship between a specific exposure or characteristic and a health outcome (Longitudinal study)
  24. 38. A stadiometer consists of a ruler and a sliding horizontal headpiece which can be fixed above the head to measure height.
  25. 39. It is the temperature at which an oil or fat begins to produce a continuous bluish smoke that becomes clearly visible, dependent upon specific and defined conditions.
  26. 43. A categorical variable where categories have no inherent order or ranking
  27. 46. Proportion of illness in a population
  28. 47. It is used to make a rapid estimation of the body surface area that has been burned. Estimation of affected body surface area assists in the assessment of the extent of the injury and helps provide the basis for prescribing fluids and medications.
  29. 50. New cases in an at-risk population
  30. 51. A type of research that tests the hypothesis and determines a causal relationship Ex. Clinical trials, experimental, quasi-experimental, RCT