Elements of Art and Principles of Design

2. The area around, within, or between objects. Artists show space using overlap, size change, placement, and perspective
5. How visual weight is arranged. Balance can be symmetrical, asymmetrical, or radial.
6. How something feels or looks like it would feel. Texture can be actual (real) or implied (drawn to look textured).
9. Making one part of an artwork stand out. The emphasized area becomes the focal point the viewer notices first.
10. The difference between elements (light vs. dark, rough vs. smooth, big vs. small). Contrast helps parts of an artwork look clearly different from each other.
12. When all parts of the artwork look like they belong together. Unity makes a composition feel complete and harmonious.
13. A 3D object that has height, width, and depth. Forms can be geometric or organic and appear in both sculptures and drawings that look 3-dimensional.

1. The lightness or darkness of a color. Artists use value to show depth, create shadows, and make shapes look 3-dimensional.
3. A flat, enclosed area created by a line. Shapes can be geometric (circles, squares, triangles) or organic (free-form shapes).
4. How the viewer’s eye travels through the artwork. Artists use lines, shapes, and placement to guide the eye.
7. A repeated line, shape, or color used to create or decoration or unity in an artwork.
8. A mark made by a pointed tool. Lines can be long, short, thick, thin, straight, curved, zigzag, or implied.
10. The visual quality created by light. Color includes hue, value (light/dark), and intensity (brightness).
11. A visual beat created by repeating elements with small changes. It makes the artwork feel active or flowing.