Era 2

1. Deadly disease introduced by Europeans that caused massive Indigenous population decline in the Americas.
2. Crops grown for profit and export rather than local consumption, often produced on plantations. (2 words)
7. Transfer of plants, animals, people, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds after 1492. (2 words)
9. Methods of controlling water supply to improve agricultural productivity in land-based empires. (2 words)
11. Brutal sea journey transporting enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean. (2 words)
12. Livestock introduced to the Americas that transformed transportation, warfare, and hunting.
13. European livestock introduced to the Americas that reshaped agriculture and diets.
14. Large-scale clearing of forests for agriculture, mining, and settlement.
17. Large Spanish-owned estates in Latin America that used coerced Indigenous labor.
18. Animals introduced from Europe used for wool and meat production in the Americas.
19. Spread of Old World diseases to the Americas that led to massive population loss. (2 words)

1. Extraction of silver in the Americas that fueled global trade and relied on forced labor systems. (2 words)
3. Cash crop central to plantation economies in the Caribbean and Americas. (2 words)
4. Colonies controlled by European powers to supply raw materials and enrich the mother country. (2 words)
5. Trade system in North America exchanging European goods for animal pelts, impacting Indigenous economies. (2 words)
6. Forced movement of Africans to the Americas to provide labor for plantation economies. (3 words)
8. Atlantic trade network linking Europe, Africa, and the Americas through exchange of goods and enslaved people. (2 words)
10. Large agricultural estates in the Americas that produced sugar using enslaved labor. (2 words)
15. Staple crop spread through global trade networks that increased food production.
16. Economic system where European empires controlled colonies to accumulate wealth through resource extraction.