3. Financing the Enterprise

1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526
Across
  1. 1. Ongoing expenses a business must pay to operate on a day‑to‑day basis (e.g., wages, utilities, rent).
  2. 3. Money borrowed from external lenders (usually banks) that must be repaid with interest.
  3. 5. The movement of money into and out of a business. Healthy cash flow is essential for paying bills and running operations.
  4. 9. When a business buys goods or services but pays for them later (e.g., “30 days to pay”).
  5. 10. Funds obtained from outside the business, such as loans, selling shares, or government grants.
  6. 11. Money raised by selling shares in the business. Shareholders then own a portion of the company.
  7. 13. Limitations or restrictions that affect business decisions, such as budget limits, regulations, or time.
  8. 15. An asset pledged as security for a loan. If the borrower fails to repay, the lender can claim the asset.
  9. 18. Funds raised from within the business, such as retained profits or selling assets.
  10. 19. A measure of how much profit an investment generates compared to its cost.
  11. 21. Raising small amounts of money from a large number of people, typically using online platforms.
  12. 22. When income is greater than expenses; similar to profit in non‑profit organisations.
  13. 23. A situation where a business grows too quickly without enough working capital to support that growth, leading to cash flow problems.
  14. 24. Profit the business keeps after paying expenses, taxes, and dividends. It can be used for reinvestment.
  15. 26. Current Assets – Current Liabilities.
Down
  1. 2. Spending money on something expected to generate future returns—for example, equipment, shares, or new product development.
  2. 4. Goods a business holds for sale, or materials used to produce them; also called stock.
  3. 6. A flexible form of borrowing where a bank allows a business to withdraw more money than is in its account, up to a set limit.
  4. 7. The money available for the day‑to‑day running of the business.
  5. 8. Selling unpaid customer invoices to a factoring company at a discount in order to get cash quickly.
  6. 12. The process of gradually gathering or building up money, assets, or investment value over time.
  7. 14. Individuals or groups who are affected by or interested in a business’s activities (e.g., employees, customers, suppliers, the community, shareholders).
  8. 16. Anything a business owns that has value—for example, buildings, machinery, vehicles, cash, or inventory.
  9. 17. Inputs used by a business to produce goods or services (e.g., labour, raw materials, machinery, money).
  10. 20. Investment from specialist firms or investors who fund high‑risk, high‑growth businesses in exchange for partial ownership.
  11. 25. (Gain – Cost) / Cost × 100%