AAPR Intraspecific relationships

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Across
  1. 8. Behaviour that increases another individual's fitness while imposing an immediate fitness cost on the actor.
  2. 9. An area actively defended by an individual or group, usually against members of the same species.
  3. 10. A relatively enduring social association between mating partners.
  4. 11. A reproductive pattern associated with many, small offspring, early maturity and little parental investment; it describes one end of a continuum.
  5. 12. A relatively stable ranking of individuals in a social group, affecting access to resources and reducing repeated conflict.
  6. 14. An interaction between individuals of the same species.
  7. 17. Threatening or harmful behaviour directed at another individual; it may occur within or between species.
  8. 19. A breeding system in which individuals help parents care for young that are not their own offspring.
  9. 20. A mating system in which one male mates with multiple females during a breeding period.
  10. 23. A type of hierarchy where A ranking in which each individual is dominant over those below it and subordinate to those above it.
  11. 24. A signal or behaviour showing that an individual yields to a dominant animal, often de-escalating conflict.
  12. 25. A consistent difference in appearance between males and females of the same species, such as size, colour or ornamentation.
  13. 26. An interaction in which organisms use the same limited resource, reducing the fitness of both (-/-). Within a species it may involve food, space, shelter or mates.
Down
  1. 1. Parental behaviour, such as feeding, guarding or teaching, that increases offspring survival, often at a cost to the parent.
  2. 2. Natural selection favouring behaviour that helps genetic relatives reproduce, because relatives share some of the actor's alleles.
  3. 3. Behaviour in which individuals work together and gain a benefit that would be harder or impossible to obtain alone.
  4. 4. A mating system in which multiple males and multiple females mate with one another within a group.
  5. 5. Behaviour used to establish, advertise and defend a territory, usually against members of the same species.
  6. 6. Social behaviour associated with conflict, including threats, aggression, submission and avoidance; ritualised displays can reduce injury.
  7. 7. A mating system in which one female mates with multiple males during a breeding period.
  8. 13. The area an animal normally uses for feeding, mating and other activities; unlike a territory, it is not necessarily defended.
  9. 15. Behaviour involved in obtaining mates, mating, producing offspring and/or caring for young.
  10. 16. A reproductive pattern associated with relatively few, larger offspring, later maturity and substantial parental investment; it describes one end of a continuum.
  11. 18. A mating system in which one male and one female form an exclusive mating partnership for at least one breeding period.
  12. 19. A sequence of signals exchanged before mating that helps attract and recognise a suitable mate, synchronise readiness and reduce aggression.
  13. 21. A type of hierarchy where the dominance system in which rank is not a simple straight line and may involve alliances, coalitions or individuals sharing rank.
  14. 22. Behaviour or status that establishes an individual's priority access to resources over lower-ranking group members.