ACID-BASE CROSSWORD

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Across
  1. 2. characterized by severe muscle cramps, carpopedal spasms, laryngeal spasms, and stridor
  2. 4. system alters breathing rate and depth. Because carbon dioxide (CO2) dissolves in the blood and combines with water to form carbonic acid, retaining or blowing off CO2 helps retain or eliminate acids from the body.
  3. 6. given to pt to correct metabolic acidosis
  4. 7. are the principal organs of control in maintaining a normal pH during metabolic activities because they either reabsorb or excrete bicarbonate. If they eliminate too much bicarbonate, acidosis will develop. Conversely, if they fail to eliminate enough bicarbonate and allow it to be reabsorbed into the bloodstream, alkalosis will develop. change the excretion rate of acids and the production and absorption of bicarbonate ion. The kidneys are slow to compensate but are the most effective compensating mechanism
  5. 8. caused by hyperventilation, anxiety, fever, ASA overdose; S/S deep, rapid breathing; tingling of the fingers; pallor around the mouth; dizziness; and spasms of the muscles of the hands. treat by treating cause. slow deep breaths via rebreather or paper bag, sedatives for panic
Down
  1. 1. caused by airway obstruction, COPD, opiate use, anything that causes respiratory depression and retention of CO2;Signs and symptoms of this include complaints of increasing difficulty in breathing, a history of respiratory obstruction (acute or chronic), dyspnea, weakness, dizziness, restlessness, sleepiness, and change in mental alertness. treat by establishing airway
  2. 3. caused by excess vomiting, excess GI suction, hypokalemia, use of antacids w/bicarb. neurologic signs as irritability, disorientation, lethargy, muscle twitching, tingling and numbness of the fingers, and convulsions and respiratory manifestations such as slow, shallow respirations; decreased chest movements; and cyanosis. treat underlying cause or give acid such as ammonium chloride
  3. 5. caused by DKA, renal failure, loss of bicarb via intense diarrhea, sepsis, hyperkalemia. S/S include weakness, lethargy, headache, and confusion; can lead to stupor, unconsciousness, coma, death. treat the cause and admin IV bicarb asap
  4. 6. pairs; groups of chemicals that absorb excess acids or excess bases—circulating in the blood respond to pH changes quickly. The bicarbonate–carbonic acid buffer system is responsible for more than half of the buffering