Acronym List SA

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Across
  1. 2. Immunoglobulin, protein family to which antibodies and B-cell receptors belong
  2. 3. recognition receptors: receptors on immune cells and epithelial cells that recognize and bind to PAMPs on microbes
  3. 5. Interferon: family name for cytokines that help cells to resist viral infections; type 1 interferons include IFN-alpha and IFN-beta, as distinguished from IFN-gamma.
  4. 8. Antigen presenting cell: a cell that is able to present antigen via MHC molecules to T cell receptors on T cells
  5. 10. Fragment with antigen binding: the part of an antibody (that can be isolated by protease digestion) responsible for antigen binding, consisting of the light chain and amino-terminal half of the heavy chain disulfide-bonded together
  6. 13. cell, B lymphocyte that upon activation can differentiate into plasma cells secreting antibody molecules or B memory cells
  7. 14. lipopolysaccharide: a cell wall component of gram-negative bacteria that can be bound by TLR-4 on macrophages and dendritic cells
  8. 15. Complementarity determining regions: the regions of the antigen binding loops of Ig molecules, antibodies, and T cell receptors that come into contact with antigen
  9. 17. Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs: amino acid sequence in cytoplasmic domains of membrane receptors involved in signal transduction
  10. 18. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes: CD8+ T cells with the effector function of targeting and killing virally infected cells and tumor cells by apoptosis
  11. 21. Human immunodeficiency virus
  12. 24. Antigen: a molecule that is recognized in native (original) structure by antibodies or B cell receptor, or a peptide that is presented by MHC molecules to T cell receptor
  13. 26. thymus-derived lymphocyte that are comprised of two different subsets, CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells
  14. 28. T-cell receptor: the Ag receptor on T cells
  15. 29. C-reactive protein: acute phase protein that binds to phosphocholine, a constituent of certain bacteria, that can trigger Complement activation and acts as an opsonin
  16. 30. Human leukocyte antigen: name of MHC gene complex and proteins in humans
Down
  1. 1. Dendritic cell: a type of APC that presents antigen in the context of MHC to T cells
  2. 2. immune response
  3. 4. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity: a mechanism NK cells use to induce apoptosis in virally infected cells or tumor cells
  4. 5. Interleukin: general designation of many of the different cytokines, chemical messengers secreted by immune cells that help in their communication with other cells
  5. 6. cell, Natural killer cell: large granular lymphocyte that serves as an innate effector cell by inducing apoptosis of target cells (virally infected cells or tumor cells)
  6. 7. Cell adhesion molecule
  7. 9. Mannose-binding lectin: soluble acute phase response protein that can bind mannose on pathogens; can activate the lectin pathway of Complement and acts as an opsonin
  8. 11. Antibody: immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells
  9. 12. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome: the end stage of disease in HIV infection
  10. 16. Cell-mediated immunity: adaptive immune responses in which there is a major role for effector T cells
  11. 19. Toll-like receptor: a family of Pattern Recognition Receptors present on many leukocytes and epithelial cells that recognize PAMPs on pathogens and help initiate immune responses
  12. 20. Major histocompatibility complex: designation for a family of cell surface molecules involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to T cells
  13. 22. Membrane attack complex: the end product of the Complement cascade that can kill pathogens directly by forming a pore in the pathogen membrane leading to lysis
  14. 23. Highly active anti-retroviral therapy: multiple drug treatment for HIV infection
  15. 25. B cell receptor: sIg on B cells that binds Ag and transmits signal 1 to activate B cells.
  16. 27. Autoimmune regulator: a transcription factor that causes several hundred tissue-specific genes to be transcribed by a subpopulation of epithelial cells in the thymus