Agriculture and the Environment

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Across
  1. 1. Growing different crops in alternating strips across a field to reduce soil erosion and improve land use.
  2. 5. Practices and regulations designed to prevent foodborne illnesses and ensure food is safe to consume.
  3. 10. A railway system that connected the eastern and western United States, facilitating the transportation of agricultural products and goods.
  4. 11. Decayed organic matter used as fertilizer for enriching soil.
  5. 12. Domesticated animals raised for food, labor, or other products like milk, wool, and leather.
  6. 13. Made from natural materials like compost or manure, used to improve soil quality without synthetic chemicals.
  7. 15. Microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, or fungi that can cause disease.
  8. 16. Businesses that buy large quantities of goods from producers to sell in smaller amounts to retailers or other businesses.
  9. 17. A powerful machine used in farming for tasks such as plowing, planting, and harvesting.
  10. 19. The process of breaking down fat molecules in milk to ensure an even distribution, preventing cream from separating.
  11. 24. Chemicals used to control or eliminate pests that damage crops.
  12. 25. Practices aimed at preventing soil erosion and maintaining soil fertility for sustainable farming.
  13. 28. The practice of cultivating soil, growing crops, and raising animals for food, fiber, and other products.
  14. 30. Energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas, formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals.
  15. 31. The conversion of raw ingredients into consumable food products through methods like cooking, packaging, and preserving.
  16. 33. The artificial application of water to land to assist in the growth of crops.
  17. 36. A type of fencing material with sharp metal points, commonly used to enclose livestock.
  18. 37. A form of shifting cultivation where trees and vegetation are cut down and burned to clear land for farming.
  19. 38. Substances added to soil to supply essential nutrients to crops for better growth.
  20. 41. A farming method where land is cleared, used for crops, and then abandoned after a few years for new land.
  21. 42. Substances in food that are necessary for the body’s growth, maintenance, and energy.
  22. 43. Plants grown specifically to be plowed back into the soil to enrich it with nutrients.
  23. 44. Crops that are bred or engineered to produce more food per unit of land.
Down
  1. 2. The process of heating liquids, such as milk, to kill harmful microorganisms without altering the product.
  2. 3. Soil that contains the nutrients necessary for the healthy growth of plants.
  3. 4. The process of preparing products for distribution and sale, including food items.
  4. 6. The use of biological organisms or systems to develop products, such as genetically modified crops.
  5. 7. The practice of growing different types of crops in the same area in sequenced seasons to maintain soil health and reduce pest problems.
  6. 8. Creating flat platforms on hilly terrain to prevent soil erosion and make farming possible on slopes.
  7. 9. Engineering: The modification of an organism's genetic makeup to achieve desired traits, such as disease resistance or higher yield.
  8. 14. Resources like fossil fuels that cannot be replenished on a human timescale.
  9. 18. Equipment used in the farming process, such as tractors, plows, and harvesters.
  10. 20. Decomposed organic material in soil, which helps improve soil fertility.
  11. 21. Farming along the contours of the land to reduce water runoff and soil erosion.
  12. 22. Businesses that sell products directly to consumers, often in smaller quantities.
  13. 23. Caused by consuming contaminated food, often caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites.
  14. 26. An early stage of development in animals and plants, often used in genetic engineering to create improved livestock.
  15. 27. The process of transporting and delivering food and other goods from producers to consumers.
  16. 29. The process of growing crops for food, fiber, and other uses.
  17. 32. The entire process involved in producing food and fiber, from farming to food processing and distribution.
  18. 34. A type of farming in which crops are grown primarily to feed the farmer's family, with little to no surplus for sale.
  19. 35. Equipment designed to reduce the amount of human labor required in farming.
  20. 39. The process of collecting and recording information about the population, including the agricultural sector.
  21. 40. The presence of harmful substances or microorganisms in food, which can cause illness.