Agriculture Key Terms

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Across
  1. 1. The most productive farmland
  2. 3. Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm.
  3. 4. The seasonal migration of livestock Between mountains and lowland patures
  4. 5. The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year to avoid exhausting the soil.
  5. 10. Degradation of land, especially in semiarid areas, primarily because of human actions such as excessive crop planting, animal grazing, and tree cutting. Also known as semiarid land degradation.
  6. 11. Rice planted on dry land in a nursery and then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth.
  7. 12. A grass that yields grain for food
  8. 14. Another name for shifting cultivation, so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris.
  9. 15. A form of subsistence agriculture characteristics of Asia's major population concentrations in which farmers must expand a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land.
  10. 16. A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals.
  11. 17. Physical, social, and economical access at all times to safe and nutritious food sufficient to meet dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.
  12. 21. A living organism that possesses a novel combination of genetic material obtained through the use of modern biotechnology.
  13. 22. The Malay word for wet rice, increasingly used to describe a flooded field.
  14. 25. A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale, usually to a more developed country.
  15. 26. The deliberate effort to modify a portion of the earth's surface through the cultivation of crops and the raising of livestock for sustenance or economic gain.
  16. 28. Commercial agriculture characterized by the integration of different steps in the food-processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations.
  17. 29. Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology, especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers
  18. 30. A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning
  19. 32. Any plant gathered from a field as a harvest during a particular season.
  20. 33. Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family.
  21. 34. The area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied
  22. 35. A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period.
  23. 37. A form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area
  24. 38. The growing of fruits, vegetables, and flowers
Down
  1. 2. The time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering.
  2. 6. Commercial farming characterized by integration of crops and livestock; most of the crops are fed to animals rather than being consumed directly by humans
  3. 7. A system of planting crops on ridge tops in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation.
  4. 8. The amount of food that an individual consumes, measured in kilocalories (Calories in the United States)
  5. 9. Commercial gardening and fruit farming, so named for the middle English word truck, meaning barter or exchange of commodities
  6. 13. The cultivation of seafood under controlled conditions.
  7. 18. Capturing fish faster than they can reproduce
  8. 19. A flooded field for growing rice
  9. 20. A form of commercial agriculture that specializes in the production of milk and other dairy products
  10. 23. Harvesting twice a year from the same field.
  11. 24. The capture of wild fish and other seafood living in the waters.
  12. 27. Dietary energy consumption that is continuously below the minimum requirement for maintaining a healthy life and carrying out light physical activity
  13. 31. A farming practice that leaves all of the soil undistributed and the entire residue of the previous year's harvest left untouched on the fields.
  14. 36. Seed of a cereal grass