Anatomy block 2 Exam 1 lectues 5-7

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Across
  1. 5. part of the thin filament of smooth muscle but we don’t know what it does
  2. 8. the official name for the binding of myosin heads of thick filaments to actin of thin filaments
  3. 9. a type of smooth muscle that is almost always contracted like in sphincters or blood vessels
  4. 10. a protein in the SR that binds calcium to keep free calcium levels low inside the SR to pull even more Calcium into the SR.
  5. 13. the hallmark of cardiac muscle polarization graph, indicates that the cardiac muscle maintains contraction longer
  6. 14. one complete cycle of muscle contraction and relaxation, summed these generate whole muscle movements
  7. 16. the shape of smooth muscle cells
  8. 18. a contraction where the force is less than resistance and the muscle lengthens.
  9. 20. the unit that allows calcium release into the cell of cardiac muscle, made up of the T-tubule and small terminal cisternae of SR
  10. 25. a specialized membrane protein that requesters calcium to the sarcoplasmic reticulum
  11. 27. the smooth muscle’s version of troponin where Calcium binds
  12. 28. a type of graded muscle response where of the active muscle fibers, some are contracting with greater force, some less
  13. 31. the CNS controlling and coordinating the activity of groups of skeletal muscle fibers results in __________
  14. 33. a theoretical condition of the muscles where a massive amount of force is generated in a single, non fluctuating contraction.
  15. 34. a hormone that acts on Beta 1 adrenergic receptors on cardiac myocytes leading to stronger contraction of the heart.
  16. 35. the microscopic appearance of both cardiac and skeletal muscle cells
  17. 36. a neurotransmitter that has the same effect as epinephrine in the heart.
Down
  1. 1. a contraction where the muscle is developing tension while changing length
  2. 2. the neuromuscular junction of smooth muscle
  3. 3. plaques on the periphery of the cell which links individual smooth muscle cells to other to distribute tension across sheets of smooth muscle
  4. 4. a contraction where the force is greater than resistance and the muscle shortens
  5. 6. an enzyme that dephosphorylates myosin to deactivate it.
  6. 7. type of graded muscle response where some muscle fibers are active while some are not
  7. 11. type I/oxidative twitch, skeletal muscle fibers contract slowly but for sustained periods of time
  8. 12. part of the thin filament of smooth muscle but we don’t really know what it does
  9. 15. a type of smooth muscle that is almost always relaxed like in the bladder or esophagus
  10. 17. part of the calmodulin MLCK complex which phosphorylates the regulatory light chain of myosin with one ATP to activate Myosin
  11. 19. the pulling/stretching force on bone generated by muscles
  12. 21. that structure of smooth muscle that acts like the T-tubule
  13. 22. a marker of heart attack in the blood
  14. 23. a structure in smooth muscle that connects to dense plaque and follows the pattern of the contractile proteins.
  15. 24. a unit made up of a motor neuron and the muscle fiber it innervates.
  16. 26. the dissociation of Pi from the myosin head triggers the ____________ , in which the head bends, pulling the thin filament toward the myosin tail
  17. 27. Another protein that binds calcium inside the SR to keep free calcium levels low in side the SR to pull more calcium into the SR
  18. 29. a contraction where the muscle is developing tension without changing length
  19. 30. type II/glycolytic twitch, skeletal muscle fibers contract rapidly but for short periods of time
  20. 32. the molecule required for the myosin head to release actin