Anatomy: Module 2A

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Across
  1. 4. Multiple layers with flattened cells at the surface — common where abrasion occurs (e.g., skin).
  2. 10. Epithelial function — detecting stimuli such as touch, pressure, or chemical signals.
  3. 11. Tissue type that supports, binds, and protects (contains cells embedded in an extracellular matrix).
  4. 12. Single layer of tall, rectangular cells; common lining in stomach and intestine.
  5. 19. The free or ‘top’ surface of an epithelial cell (often has microvilli/cilia).
  6. 21. A sealing junction between epithelial cells that prevents passage between cells.
  7. 22. Glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream (no ducts).
  8. 23. Small, finger-like membrane protrusions that increase surface area for absorption (e.g., intestine).
  9. 26. Epithelial function — keeps out pathogens and mechanical damage.
  10. 27. Epithelial function — movement of molecules from a lumen into cells (e.g., gut).
  11. 28. Farther from the surface of the body; the bones are \_\_\_ to the muscles.
  12. 29. Strong anchoring junctions that connect intermediate filaments between neighboring cells (resist mechanical stress).
  13. 31. Composite structure (two words) composed of basal lamina + reticular lamina — anchors epithelium to connective tissue.
  14. 32. Tissue specialized for contraction and force generation.
  15. 33. Closer to the midline of the body; the big toe is \_\_\_ to the little toe.
  16. 34. Hair-like projections that move mucus and trapped particles (found in trachea).
  17. 35. Non-cellular material produced by cells of connective tissue; provides structural support and biochemical cues to cells.
  18. 36. Glands that secrete via ducts onto epithelial surfaces (e.g., sweat, saliva).
  19. 37. Stratified squamous epithelium without a layer of surface keratin — found on moist surfaces like oral mucosa.
Down
  1. 1. Appears layered because nuclei are at different levels, but every cell touches the basal lamina; often ciliated in the respiratory tract.
  2. 2. Single layer of flat cells adapted for diffusion and filtration (e.g., alveoli).
  3. 3. Closer to the surface of the body; the skin is \_\_\_ to the muscles.
  4. 5. Tough structural protein that accumulates in the superficial epidermis and helps prevent water loss.
  5. 6. Specialized epithelium that stretches (found in urinary bladder).
  6. 7. The lower, attached surface of an epithelial cell that faces connective tissue.
  7. 8. Away from the midline; the ears are \_\_\_ to the nose.
  8. 9. Mucus-secreting epithelial cell, abundant in respiratory and intestinal epithelium.
  9. 13. Toward the back of the body (synonymous with dorsal).
  10. 14. Toward the front of the body (synonymous with ventral).
  11. 15. Channel-forming junctions that allow ions and small molecules to pass directly between adjacent cells.
  12. 16. Tissue specialized for rapid communication and control (neurons & glia).
  13. 17. One of the four primary tissue types that covers surfaces and forms glands.
  14. 18. Farther from the point of attachment of a limb to the trunk; the fingers are \_\_\_ to the wrist.
  15. 20. Stratified squamous epithelium whose surface cells are dead and full of a tough protein — found in epidermis.
  16. 24. Single layer of cube-shaped cells, often in kidney tubules.
  17. 25. Thin adhesive sheet of the basement membrane that anchors epithelium to connective tissue.
  18. 26. Nearer to the point of attachment of a limb to the trunk; the elbow is \_\_\_ to the wrist.
  19. 30. Epithelial function — production and release of substances (via glands).