Ancient Civ Review Crossword

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Across
  1. 5. Made dictator for life in 45 BCE, after conquering Gaul, assassinated in 44 BCE by the Senate because they were afraid of his power
  2. 9. The first emperor of Rome, the adopted son of Julius Caesar, help Rome come into Pax Romana, or the Age of Roman Peace
  3. 11. (431-404 BCE) 27 YR war between Athenians and the Peloponnesian League which was led by the Spartans. Athens strategy of defense; however, by the 2nd yr of war, a plague killed 1/3 of the pop. pericles died the following yr. Political outcome: Athens was reduced to a weak city-state while Sparta became the leading power. Led to next 10 yrs of petty wars; destroyed cooperation
  4. 12. A democratic Greek city-state who accomplished many cultural achievements, and who were constantly at war with Sparta.
  5. 13. A series of three wars between Rome and Carthage (264-146 B.C.); resulted in the destruction of Carthage and Rome's dominance over the western Mediterranean.
  6. 15. son of Philip II; received military training in Macedonian army and was a student of Aristotle; great leader; conquered much land in Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt, and Mesopotamia; goal was to conquer the known world.
  7. 16. Mountain-like tombs the size of several city blocks made for Egyptian pharaohs entirely out of stone; designed to protect the pharaoh's body from floods, wild animals, and grave robbers
  8. 19. A council whose members were the heads of wealthy, landowning families. Originally an advisory body to the early kings, in the era of the Roman Republic they effectively governed the Roman state and the growing empire
  9. 22. A powerful Greek military city-state that was often at war with Athens. Used slaves known as helots to provide agricultural labor.
  10. 23. Emperor of Rome who adopted the Christian faith and stopped the persecution of Christians (280-337). Moved the capital of Rome to Constantinople.
  11. 24. ancient Greek epic poet who is believed to have written the Iliad and the Odyssey (circa 850 BC)
Down
  1. 1. Of or influenced by the Greek Empire. A type of culture typically referred to after the conquests of Alexander the Great as he spread Greek advancements.
  2. 2. Early Greek Mediterranean society that formed on the island of Crete and who were a seafaring society.
  3. 3. a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity. Will be Crucified by Pontius Pilate.
  4. 4. (480 BC) Battle during which 300 Spartans and few thousand other greeks fought thousands of Persian soldiers in a narrow mountain pass. They lost, but bought valuable time.
  5. 6. Greek philosopher; Socratic method--questioning; sentenced to death for corrupting Athens youth
  6. 7. The land in the eastern Mediterranean region populated by Jews at the time of the Roman Empire
  7. 8. An ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds
  8. 10. Egyptian pharaoh, he died while still a young king. The discovery of his tomb in 1922 has taught archaeologists much about Egyptian culture.
  9. 13. A large temple dedicated to the goddess Athena on the Acropolis in Athens, Greece. It was built in the 5th century BCE, during the Athenian golden age.
  10. 14. A period of peace and prosperity throughout the Roman Empire, lasting from 27 B.C. to A.D. 180.
  11. 17. A major empire that expanded from the Iranian plateau to incorporate the Middle East from Egypt to India; flourished from around 550 to 330 B.C.E.; invaded Ancient Greece twice and failed both times.
  12. 18. first Greek-speaking people; invaded Minoans; dominated Greek world 1400 B.C. to 1200 B.C.; sea traders; lived in separate city-states; believed to be involved in Trojan War against Troy
  13. 20. City located in present-day Tunisia, founded by Phoenicians ca. 800 B.C.E. It became a major commercial center and naval power in the western Mediterranean until defeated by the expanding Roman Republic in the third century B.C.E.
  14. 21. The river the Ancient Egyptians settled around. It flows south to north into the Mediterranean Sea.