Ancient Greece Vocabulary

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  1. 3. The war between Athens and Sparta that in which Sparta won, but left Greece as a whole weak and ready to fall to its neighbors to the north.
  2. 7. A citizen-soldier of the Ancient Greek City-states. They were primarily armed as spear-men.
  3. 8. type of trade using sea routes
  4. 10. Athenian leader noted for advancing democracy in Athens and for ordering the construction of the Parthenon.
  5. 12. Conflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire, ranging from the Ionian Revolt (499-494 B.C.E.) through later battles of Marathon, Thermopylae, and Platea.
  6. 14. king of Persia who expanded the empire and invaded Greece but was defeated at the Battle of Marathon (550-486 BC)
  7. 16. Government by the people. All citizens vote on every law.
  8. 17. An ancient kingdom north of Greece, whose ruler Philip II conquered Greece in 338 B.C.
  9. 19. king of Persia and founder of the Persian empire (circa 600-529 BC)
  10. 21. the marketplace in an ancient Greek city-state.
  11. 22. Taking part in formal political processes and such as voting or serving on juries.
  12. 26. king of Persia who led a vast army against Greece in the second Persian War.
  13. 27. Socrates' most well known pupil. Founded The Academy in Athens, which was a school of philosophy.
  14. 28. Spartan slaves. Did almost all the farming. The threat of them rebelling kept the Spartan military in power.
  15. 30. A fortified hilltop in an ancient Greek city-state. Most temples were found here.
  16. 33. (Battle of) Greek victory over the Persian army that ended the First Persian War
  17. 34. people who have rights and responsibilities in a civilizations' government.
  18. 35. Greek city-state that was ruled by an oligarchy, focused on military, used slaves for agriculture, discouraged the arts.
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  1. 1. King of Macedonia. Conquered most of Greece. He was the father of Alexander the Great.
  2. 2. an alliance headed by Athens that says that all Greek city-states will come together and help fight the Persians
  3. 4. the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence, especially when considered as an academic discipline.
  4. 5. name of the peninsula where Sparta was located.
  5. 6. A Greek poet, author of the Iliad and the Odyssey
  6. 9. the peninsula between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea.
  7. 11. small group of powerful people make most government decisions for their own benefit; membership in the ruling group may be based on wealth, family, or military power
  8. 13. son of Philip II; received military training in Macedonian army and was a student of Aristotle; great leader; conquered much land in Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt, and Mesopotamia; goal was to conquer the known world. Spread Greek culture through Asia and northern Africa.
  9. 15. A Greek philosopher from Athens. Hired by Phillip II to teach his son Alexander about Greek history, culture, and philosophy.
  10. 18. A democratic Greek city-state who accomplished many cultural achievements. Valued the power of the mind.
  11. 20. A large temple dedicated to the goddess Athena on the Acropolis in Athens, Greece. It was built in the 5th century BCE, during the Athenian golden age.
  12. 23. Formation of soldiers used by the Greeks. Soldiers carried large shield for defense and spears for offense. They stay tightly formed together to form a wall of shield and spears.
  13. 24. A group of people from one city-state, who travel to an unsettled area to start a new city-state.
  14. 25. Culture spread during Alexander the Great's conquest. Means Greek-like.
  15. 29. in ancient Greece, an athletic competition held every four years in honor of Zeus
  16. 31. Most famous Athenian philosopher. He was put on trial and executed for "corrupting the youth." Creator of the Socratic Method.
  17. 32. A city-state in ancient Greece.