Animal-focused Biology Crossword (5)

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Across
  1. 3. A pinched-off cytoplasmic fragment of a specialized bone marrow cell. Circulates in the blood and are important in blood clotting.
  2. 4. A circulatory system consisting of a single pump and circuit, in which blood passes from the sites of gas exchange to the rest of the body before returning to the heart.
  3. 5. A valve located at each exit of the heart, where the aorta leaves the left ventricle and the pulmonary artery leaves the right ventricle.
  4. 7. A system of vessels and nodes, separate from the circulatory system, that returns fluid, proteins, and cells to the blood.
  5. 8. The frequency of heart contraction (in beats per minute).
  6. 12. A circulatory system consisting of separate pulmonary and systemic circuits, in which blood passes through the heart after completing each circuit.
  7. 14. A decrease in the diameter of blood vessels caused by contraction of smooth muscles in the vessel walls.
  8. 17. Blood pressure in the arteries during contraction of the ventricles.
  9. 19. The volume of blood pumped per minute by each ventricle of the heart.
  10. 20. The simple squamous layer of cells lining the lumen of blood vessels.
  11. 22. A heart valve located between each atrium and ventricle that prevents a backflow of blood when the ventricle contracts.
  12. 24. An organ located along a lymph vessel. Lymph nodes filter lymph and contain cells that attack viruses and bacteria.
  13. 25. The stage of the cardiac cycle in which a heart chamber is relaxed and fills with blood.
  14. 26. An ironcontaining protein in red blood cells that reversibly binds oxygen.
  15. 27. The volume of blood pumped
Down
  1. 1. The rhythmic bulging of the artery walls with each heartbeat.
  2. 2. A hissing sound that most often results from blood squirting backward through a leaky valve in the heart.
  3. 6. A recessively inherited human blood disorder in which a single nucleotide change in the a-globin gene causes hemoglobin to aggregate, changing red blood cell shape and causing multiple symptoms in afflicted individuals.
  4. 9. A region of specialized heart muscle tissue between the left and right atria where electrical impulses are delayed for about 0.1 second before spreading to both ventricles and causing them to contract.
  5. 10. Blood pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are relaxed.
  6. 11. A region in the right atrium of the heart that sets the rate and timing at which all cardiac muscle cells contract; the pacemaker
  7. 13. The alternating contractions and relaxations of the heart.
  8. 15. The stage of the cardiac cycle in which a heart chamber contracts and pumps blood.
  9. 16. The colorless fluid, derived from interstitial fluid, in the lymphatic system of vertebrates.
  10. 18. A record of the electrical impulses that travel through heart muscle during the cardiac cycle.
  11. 21. A blood cell that contains hemoglobin, which transports oxygen; also called a red blood cell.
  12. 23. An increase in the diameter of blood vessels caused by relaxation of smooth muscles in the vessel walls