Animal Learning

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Across
  1. 2. A neuron that transmits messages from sense organs to the central nervous system is known as ________ neuron.
  2. 4. A compensatory mechanism that ensures that deviations of a system from a preferred or homeostatic level are counteracted so as to return the system to its preferred level is known as _________ process theory.
  3. 5. A reaction to a novel stimulus that usually involves turning toward the source of the stimulus is known as ___________ response.
  4. 7. Recovery of a response produced by a period of rest after habituation or extinction is known as _________ recovery.
  5. 12. Behavior that brings an elicited behavior sequence to an end; behavior that consummates or finishes a sequence of elicited responses is known as ____________ behavior.
  6. 14. An increase in the vigor of elicited behavior that may result from repeated presentations of the eliciting stimulus.
  7. 15. A specific feature of an object or animal that elicits a modal action pattern is known as ______ stimulus.
  8. 17. The learning of an association between two stimuli, such that presentation of one of the stimuli activates a neural representation of the other is know as ________-_________ learning.
  9. 19. The occurrence of behavior learned through habituation or conditioning in the presence of stimuli that are different from the stimulus used during training is known as Stimulus ____________.
  10. 22. The optimal or defended level of a physiological or behavioral system is known as _________ level.
  11. 23. A neuron in the spinal cord that transmits impulses from afferent to efferent neurons.
  12. 25. A specialization in biology concerned with the analysis of species-typical behavior patterns that evolve in natural habitats.
  13. 27. A term used in beekeeping and ethology for a particular figure-eight dance of the honey bee is known as the _______ dance.
  14. 28. Neural structures, consisting of the afferent (sensory) neuron, interneuron, and efferent (motor) neuron, that enables a stimulus to elicit a reflex response is known as a _________ arc.
  15. 29. Repetition of a response or behavior, usually with the intent of improving performance.
  16. 30. The initial response mode of the feeding system. In this mode, the organism reacts to general features of the environment with responses that enable it to come in contact with a variety of potential sources of food is known as __________ search mode.
Down
  1. 1. Neural structures that determine the organism's general level of responsiveness or readiness to respond is known as ______ system.
  2. 3. A neuron that transmits impulses from the central nervous system to muscles is known as _________ neuron.
  3. 6. An aversion caused by the unfamiliarity of the flavor of a new food is known as flavor _________.
  4. 8. Observation of behavior as it occurs under natural conditions, in the absence of interventions or manipulations introduced by the investigator is known as __________ observation.
  5. 9. A progressive decrease in the vigor of an elicited response that may occur with repeated presentations of the eliciting stimulus.
  6. 10. A specific feature of an object or animal that elicits a modal action pattern is known as ___________ stimulus.
  7. 11. A hypothetical state that increases the probability of a coordinated set of activities or activates a system of behaviors that functions to satisfy a goal such as feeding, predatory defense, infant care, or copulation.
  8. 13. Recovery of a habituated response as a result of presentation of a strong extraneous of a novel stimulus.
  9. 16. A temporary decrease in behavior caused by repeated or excessive use of the muscles involved in the behavior.
  10. 18. An organism's activities at a particular time.
  11. 20. A specific behavior or action pattern that occurs reliably upon presentation of a particular stimulus is known as an _________ behavior.
  12. 21. A change in behavior caused by the physical or physiological development.
  13. 24. The shortest neural pathway that connects the sense organs stimulated by an eliciting stimulus and the muscles involved in making the elicited response is known as the S-R ________.
  14. 26. An enduring change in the mechanisms of behavior involving specific stimuli and/or responses that results from prior experience with those stimuli and responses.