ANT 3555. Exam 1 Study Guide

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Across
  1. 2. Broken pottery debris common at kiln sites
  2. 5. What firing context connects vessels and the fuel source through a series of flues?
  3. 9. True or false: according to Gosselain and Livingstone-Smith, maximum firing temperatures are incredible consistent within a single firing, so that different contexts and traditions of firing can be easily discerned by an analysis of this variable.
  4. 11. Who pioneered the ceramic petrographic analysis in the American Southwest (and it also responsible for the name of our course)?
  5. 12. What might a potter add to clay to correct stickiness, decrease drying time, improve firing characteristics, and improve thermal shock resistance of a vessel?
  6. 16. What sort of experiment, conducted with test tiles, sherds, and a laboratory furnace, is a low tech means of directly measuring ceramic provenance?
  7. 18. What kind of firing atmosphere is indicated by a firing core with a thin dark center but all evidence of carbon burned out on both interior and exterior of vessel?
  8. 19. Abbreviation for high tech method of compositional analysis that can target and analyze the composition of individual components of the ceramic, e.g., a single piece of temper
  9. 23. Ware type fired to the hottest temperature
  10. 24. Fired and crushed ceramics sometimes add to clay paste
  11. 26. Temper type added to gumbo clays to produce thing-walled, round-bottomed, diagnostically Mississippian pottery
  12. 27. What sourcing technique uses point counting to identify mineralogical differences in ceramic inclusions?
  13. 28. What kind of studies have the potential to reveal exchange patterns, migration/colonization, and production/procurement strategies?
  14. 29. Fill in the blank: _____________ inclusions increase pore space and promote the movement of water through the fabric of a ceramic vessel.
  15. 30. How do you describe a pot after it has fully dried but before it has been fired?
Down
  1. 1. Which kind of ceramic firing contest is the least investment, allows for flexibility in fuel type,but is nearly impossible to securely identify in the archaeological record?
  2. 3. To perform petrographic analysis, you must first create what from a sherd for study under a polarizing microscope?
  3. 4. (Fill in the blank; two words, no space) When we crush up a sherd to analyze the elemental/chemical makeup, we are combining all sources of its raw materials in what is known as _____________.
  4. 6. To make a pot from raw clay and inclusions, just add what?
  5. 7. A term for the recipe for ceramics, but not matrix
  6. 8. Abbreviation for high tech method of compositional analysis that is portable, fast, and capable of measuring the surface of materials
  7. 10. Technical term for clay workability that is difficult to quantify
  8. 13. What kind of firing atmosphere has little oxygen present?
  9. 14. Fill in the blank: The _______________ parameters of clay define its very small particle size.
  10. 15. At what site in China was petrographic analysis of natural clay inclusions able to distinguish between different clay sources?
  11. 17. During firing, what occurs at 900 degrees Celsius, fundamentally changing the ceramic’s mineral structure?
  12. 20. Two steps of the ceramic production sequence pose risks of cracking/warping/breaking a vessel through evaporation. Which happens first?
  13. 21. All clays are sedimentary, but their spatial relationship to the parent material varies. Of the two kinds of geological clay deposits, which is more likely to natural include coarse fragments of non-clay material?
  14. 22. Most common prehistoric ceramic ware type
  15. 25. A vessel's ability to resist waring/cracking during drying