A&P - Basic Body Overview
Across
- 3. group of microscopic coiled tubules (morethan 1 million in each kidney), located in the renal pyramids, that filter blood and form urine; main structures are collecting tubules, glomeruli, and arterioles; the bottom of the paperclip-shaped segmentof the nephron is called the loop of Henle
- 4. zoster shingles; infection caused by the herpes zoster virus forming blister-type lesions and producing pain along the nerve trunks
- 6. nervous system portion of the nervous system preparing the body for stressful situations(“fight or flight”)
- 7. disease degenerative disorder of the brain beginning with dementia-like symptoms and pro-gressing to a nonfunctioning of neuron fibers thatprevents communication between cells for ordinarytasks (such as swallowing), which results in death;etiology is unknown
- 10. palsy loss of mental function, sensation, or control of movement resulting from birth injury or defect
- 13. an organ acting as the primary center for regulating and coordinating body functions and activities;divided into right and left hemispheres
- 14. accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain caused by an obstruction and resulting in mounting pressure and destruction of brain tissue
- 17. located in the diencephalon, serves as relay for sensory in put
- 18. accident (CVA) stroke; occlusion orhemorrhage of vessel(s) in the brain, resulting in impairment of mental functions or paralysis or both
- 19. area where nerves cross, resulting in nerves located on one side of the brain controlling the opposite side of the body; connects the cerebellum with the nervous system
- 20. oblongata portion of the brain connecting with spinal cord; contains centers for control of heart beat, respirations, and blood pressure
- 22. nervous system portion of the nervous system that returns the body to rest and replenishes energy
- 26. uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep;also known as sleep epilepsy
- 28. neuron fibers conducting impulses to the cell body
- 29. “little brain”; portion of the brain involved in synergic control of skeletal muscles and coordination of voluntary muscular movements; connected to the cerebrum, brainstem, and spinal cord by the pons
- 30. disease chronic progressive neurologic disease characterized by fine tremors and muscle weakness and rigidity; etiology believed to be associated with low dopamine production
- 31. sclerosis progressive inflammation and hardening of the myelin sheath in the nervous system
Down
- 1. (singular meninx) three layers of connective tissue covering that completely enclose the brain and spinal cord
- 2. located in the diencephalon, the hypothalamus contains nerve cells assisting in maintenance of water balance, fat and sugar metabolism,secretion of endocrine glands, and regulation ofbody temperature
- 5. nervous system (CNS) made up of the brain and spinal cord; integrates sensory information and responses
- 8. connects the pons and cerebellum with the cerebrum; functions as relay for certain eye and ear reflexes
- 9. nervous system (PNS) nerves outside the central nervous system originating from the brain and spinal cord; it transmits sensory information and responses
- 11. palsy unilateral facial muscle paralysis (droopingof eye and mouth) resulting from dysfunction of the seventh cranial nerve
- 12. marked swelling of gray matter, located out-side the central nervous system, containing cells of neurons
- 15. fluid (CSF) clear fluid that flows through the brain and spinal cord and into the sub-arachnoid spaces of the meninges; it cushions and supports nervous tissue and transports nutrients and waste products from the cells
- 16. chemical released by the axons that stimulates the next cell to continue the transmission of an impulse
- 18. the largest part of the brain, divided into right and left hemispheres by the longitudinal fissure; it contains auditory, visual, gustatory, and olfactory areas as well as areas of higher mental faculties, and regulates balance
- 21. system body system containing nerves and related structures that receive stimuli and initiate responses
- 23. cord continuous tubelike structure located within the spinal vertebrae extending from the occipital bone to the coccyx; it contains cerebrospinal fluid and ascending and descending nerve tracts that carry transmissions to and from the brain
- 24. distention of the renal pelvis resulting from obstructed flow of urine
- 25. ischemic attack (TIA) ministroke; temporary episode of impaired neurologic function resulting from decreased blood flow to the brain
- 27. abnormal electrical activity of the brain resulting in seizure; there are multiple causes, such as headtrauma, high fevers, disease processes, poisoning, oroverdose