AP-Biology vocabulary-chapter 1-3

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Across
  1. 3. Organic compound made of amino acids joined by peptide bonds; primary building block of organisms.
  2. 4. A subunit of nucleic acid from a simple sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
  3. 5. Microscopic, unicellular organism without a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.
  4. 8. Simple cell organelle that helps manufacture proteins.
  5. 13. Large molecule formed by joining smaller organic molecules together.
  6. 16. Substance formed by a chemical reaction; located on the right side of the arrow in a chemical equation.
  7. 19. Plasma membrane layers composed of it, it usually is arranged with poler heads facing the outside and nonpolar tails facing the inside.
  8. 21. Reactant to which an enzyme binds.
  9. 22. Substances that exists before a chemical reaction starts; located on the left side of the arrow in a chemical equation.
  10. 24. Vesicle that uses enzymes to digest excess or worn-out cellular substances.
  11. 25. Unicellular organism with membrane-bound nucleus and organelles; generally larger and more complex than a prokaryotic cell.
  12. 27. Double-membrane organelle that captures light energy and converts it to chemical energy through photosynthesis.
  13. 28. Protein that speeds up a biological reaction by lowering the activation energy needed to start the reaction.
  14. 29. Membrane-bound vesicle for temporary storage of materials such as food, enzymes, and wastes.
Down
  1. 1. It is a site of enzyme, specific place where a substrate binds on an enzyme.
  2. 2. Two-phase anabolic pathway in which the Sun's light energy is converted to chemical energy for use by the cell.
  3. 6. In chloroplast, one of the stacked, flatened, pigment-containing membranes in which light dependent reaction occur.
  4. 7. Membrane-bound organelle that converts fuel into energy that is available to the rest of the cell.
  5. 9. Building block of matter, contains subatomic particles-neutrons, protons and electrons.
  6. 10. Center of an atom; contains neutrons and protons, in the eukaryotic cells, the central membrane-bound organelle that manages cellular functions and contains DNA.
  7. 11. Catabolic pathway in which organic molecules are broken down to release energy for use by the cell.
  8. 12. One of the stacks of pigment-containing thylakoids in a plant's chloroplast.
  9. 14. Organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom.
  10. 15. Hydrophobic biological molecule composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen; fats; oils, and waxes are lipids.
  11. 17. Organelle that play a role in cell division and is made of microtubules.
  12. 18. Substances that speeds up a chemical reaction by reducing the activation energy.
  13. 19. Large molecule formed from smaller repeating units of identical, or nearly identical, compounds linked by covalent bonds.
  14. 20. Light-absorbing colored molecule, such as chlorophyll and carotenoid, in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.
  15. 23. The apparatus/ bodies , flattened stack of tubular membranes that modifies, sorts, and packages protein into vesicles and transports them to other organelles or out of the cell.
  16. 26. Specialized internal cell structure that caries out specific cell functions such as protein synthesis and energy transformation.
  17. 27. Semifluid material inside the cell's plasma membrane.