AP-Biology vocabulary-chapter 1-3
Across
- 3. Organic compound made of amino acids joined by peptide bonds; primary building block of organisms.
- 4. A subunit of nucleic acid from a simple sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
- 5. Microscopic, unicellular organism without a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.
- 8. Simple cell organelle that helps manufacture proteins.
- 13. Large molecule formed by joining smaller organic molecules together.
- 16. Substance formed by a chemical reaction; located on the right side of the arrow in a chemical equation.
- 19. Plasma membrane layers composed of it, it usually is arranged with poler heads facing the outside and nonpolar tails facing the inside.
- 21. Reactant to which an enzyme binds.
- 22. Substances that exists before a chemical reaction starts; located on the left side of the arrow in a chemical equation.
- 24. Vesicle that uses enzymes to digest excess or worn-out cellular substances.
- 25. Unicellular organism with membrane-bound nucleus and organelles; generally larger and more complex than a prokaryotic cell.
- 27. Double-membrane organelle that captures light energy and converts it to chemical energy through photosynthesis.
- 28. Protein that speeds up a biological reaction by lowering the activation energy needed to start the reaction.
- 29. Membrane-bound vesicle for temporary storage of materials such as food, enzymes, and wastes.
Down
- 1. It is a site of enzyme, specific place where a substrate binds on an enzyme.
- 2. Two-phase anabolic pathway in which the Sun's light energy is converted to chemical energy for use by the cell.
- 6. In chloroplast, one of the stacked, flatened, pigment-containing membranes in which light dependent reaction occur.
- 7. Membrane-bound organelle that converts fuel into energy that is available to the rest of the cell.
- 9. Building block of matter, contains subatomic particles-neutrons, protons and electrons.
- 10. Center of an atom; contains neutrons and protons, in the eukaryotic cells, the central membrane-bound organelle that manages cellular functions and contains DNA.
- 11. Catabolic pathway in which organic molecules are broken down to release energy for use by the cell.
- 12. One of the stacks of pigment-containing thylakoids in a plant's chloroplast.
- 14. Organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom.
- 15. Hydrophobic biological molecule composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen; fats; oils, and waxes are lipids.
- 17. Organelle that play a role in cell division and is made of microtubules.
- 18. Substances that speeds up a chemical reaction by reducing the activation energy.
- 19. Large molecule formed from smaller repeating units of identical, or nearly identical, compounds linked by covalent bonds.
- 20. Light-absorbing colored molecule, such as chlorophyll and carotenoid, in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.
- 23. The apparatus/ bodies , flattened stack of tubular membranes that modifies, sorts, and packages protein into vesicles and transports them to other organelles or out of the cell.
- 26. Specialized internal cell structure that caries out specific cell functions such as protein synthesis and energy transformation.
- 27. Semifluid material inside the cell's plasma membrane.