AP Chemistry Practice
Across
- 3. A solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.
- 6. Constant: A numerical value that expresses the ratio of the concentrations of products to reactants at equilibrium.
- 8. A unit of mass used to express atomic and molecular weights, defined as one-twelfth the mass of a carbon-12 atom.
- 9. The point in a titration at which the amount of titrant added is exactly enough to react with the analyte in the solution.
- 11. The average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms.
- 13. Attractive forces between polar molecules with permanent dipoles.
- 14. A measure of the disorder or randomness in a system.
- 15. The smallest unit of matter that retains the identity of a chemical element.
- 16. A chemical reaction in which a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances.
- 17. A thermodynamic quantity representing the total heat content of a system.
- 18. Substances formed from two or more elements chemically bonded together.
- 21. The average distance from the center of an atom's nucleus to the outermost electron shell.
- 23. Describes a process that absorbs heat from its surroundings.
- 24. Negatively charged subatomic particles orbiting the nucleus of an atom.
- 26. Individual steps that make up a complex reaction mechanism.
- 27. A state in which the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate, and the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant.
- 32. Chemical bonds formed by the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.
- 33. Attractive forces between a polar molecule and a nonpolar molecule that has been temporarily polarized.
- 34. A technique for separating mixtures based on differences in the speed at which they move through a stationary phase.
- 35. The amount of energy required to break one mole of bonds in gaseous molecules.
Down
- 1. A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.
- 2. Numbers placed before reactants and products in a chemical equation to balance it.
- 4. The simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound.
- 5. The distribution of electrons in an atom's electron shells and subshells.
- 7. A theory stating that chemical reactions occur when reactant molecules collide with sufficient energy and proper orientation.
- 10. A measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons in a chemical bond.
- 12. The science of measuring the heat of chemical reactions or physical changes.
- 19. A reaction involving two reactant molecules coming together to form products.
- 20. The principle that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
- 22. A separation of electrical charges within a molecule, resulting in a molecule having a positive end and a negative end.
- 25. A process in which substances are transformed into different substances with different properties.
- 28. The minimum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.
- 29. The ability of a material to conduct electricity.
- 30. The process of reducing the concentration of a solute in a solution, usually by adding more solvent.
- 31. The process by which one substance takes in or soaks up another substance.