AP Gov Facts and Terms Crossword
Across
- 4. A specific number or percentage of positions (in jobs or schools) that must be filled by members of a specific group.
- 6. Rights: Policies designed to protect people against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment by government officials or individuals.
- 8. Restraint: Government actions that prevent material from being published; a form of censorship that is usually unconstitutional.
- 10. Being forced to be a witness against oneself; prohibited by the 5th Amendment.
- 14. v. US: The 1944 Supreme Court decision that upheld the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II as constitutional.
- 15. Process Clause: Part of the 14th Amendment guaranteeing that persons cannot be deprived of life, liberty, or property by the government without due process of law.
- 16. and Unusual Punishment: Court sentences prohibited by the 8th Amendment (such as torture).
- 18. of Rights: The first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution, which define basic liberties such as freedom of religion, speech, and press.
- 20. Rights Act of 1964: The law making racial discrimination in public accommodations (like hotels) and employment illegal.
- 21. Worth: The principle that men and women should receive equal pay when they perform work that involves similar skills and responsibilities.
- 23. v. Reed: The 1971 case in which the Supreme Court for the first time upheld a claim of gender discrimination.
- 24. Amendment: The constitutional amendment adopted after the Civil War that guarantees "equal protection of the laws" and due process for all citizens.
- 25. Liberties: The legal constitutional protections against government actions, formally set down in the Bill of Rights.
- 28. Harassment: Unwelcome sexual advances or conduct that creates a hostile or offensive work environment.
- 29. The legal right to vote.
- 30. Clause: Part of the 1st Amendment stating that "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion."
- 33. The publication of false and malicious statements that damage someone’s reputation.
- 34. Amendment: The constitutional amendment ratified after the Civil War that forbade slavery and involuntary servitude.
- 36. v. New York: The 1925 Supreme Court case holding that freedoms of press and speech are protected by the due process clause of the 14th Amendment from impairment by the states.
- 37. Amendment: The constitutional amendment adopted in 1920 that guarantees women the right to vote.
- 38. Exercise Clause: A 1st Amendment provision that prohibits government from interfering with the practice of religion.
Down
- 1. Speech: Nonverbal communication, such as burning a flag or wearing an armband, which is protected under the 1st Amendment.
- 2. Speech: Communication in the form of advertising, which can be restricted more than other types of speech.
- 3. to Privacy: The right to a private personal life free from the intrusion of government, implied by various amendments.
- 5. Action: A policy designed to give special attention to or compensatory treatment for members of previously disadvantaged groups.
- 7. Rights Act of 1965: A law designed to help end formal and informal barriers to African American suffrage, such as literacy tests.
- 8. v. Ferguson: The 1896 Supreme Court decision that provided a constitutional justification for segregation by ruling that "separate but equal" facilities were legal.
- 9. v. Board of Education: The 1954 landmark decision holding that school segregation was inherently unconstitutional.
- 11. with Disabilities Act: A 1990 law that requires employers and public facilities to make "reasonable accommodations" for people with disabilities.
- 12. Material that is considered lewd or offensive by contemporary community standards and lacks serious literary, artistic, or scientific value.
- 13. Tax: Small taxes levied on the right to vote; used by Southern states to exclude African Americans from the polls.
- 17. Doctrine: The legal concept under which the Supreme Court has nationalized the Bill of Rights by making most of its provisions applicable to the states.
- 19. Protection Clause: Part of the 14th Amendment emphasizing that the laws must provide equivalent protection to all people.
- 22. Rule: The rule that evidence cannot be used in a trial if it was obtained through unconstitutional means (like an illegal search).
- 26. Amendment: The constitutional amendment passed in 1964 that declared poll taxes void in federal elections.
- 27. Amendment: The constitutional amendment that protects the four great liberties: freedom of religion, speech, press, and assembly.
- 31. v. Sandford: The 1857 decision ruling that a slave who had escaped to a free state enjoyed no rights as a citizen and that Congress could not ban slavery.
- 32. Rights Amendment: A proposed amendment stating that "equality of rights... shall not be denied... on account of sex." It failed to be ratified by enough states.
- 34. Amendment: The constitutional amendment adopted in 1870 to extend suffrage to African Americans.
- 35. Bargaining: A bargain struck between a defendant's lawyer and a prosecutor where the defendant pleads guilty to a lesser crime in exchange for a lighter sentence.