AP psychology

1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950
Across
  1. 1. a brief resting pause after a neuron has fired; subsequent action potentials cannot occur until the axon returned to its resting state
  2. 5. a neurotransmitter that enables muscle action, learning, and memory
  3. 6. the body's speedy, electrochemical communication network, consisting of all the nerve cells of a peripheral and central nervous systems
  4. 7. the part of a neuron that contains the neucleus; the cell's life support center
  5. 9. a neural center located in the limbic system; helps process for storage explicit memories of facts and events
  6. 11. a neural structure lying below the thalamus; it directs several maintenance activities, helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland, linked to reward and emotion
  7. 13. a fatty tissue layer segmentally encasing the axons of some neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed as neural impulses hop from one node to the next
  8. 15. the endocrine system's most influential gland. under the influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates the growth ad controls other endocrine glands
  9. 16. the sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body
  10. 21. (afferent) neurons that carry incoming information from the body's tissues and sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord
  11. 26. a pair of endocrine glands that sit above the kidneys and secrete hormones(epinephrine) that help arouse the body in times of stress
  12. 27. a series of x-ray photographs taken from different angles and combined by computer into a composite representation of a slice of the brains structure
  13. 28. a molecule that inhibits or blocks a neurotransmitters action
  14. 30. cell in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons; they also play a role in learning, thinking, and memory
  15. 32. a neural impulse; brief electrical charge that travels down the axon
  16. 37. the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles(also called the skeletal nervous system)
  17. 42. the brain and spinal cord
  18. 43. neurons within the brain and spinal cord; they communicate internally and process information between the sensory inputs and motor outputs
  19. 45. a molecule that increases a nueroransmitters action
  20. 46. a level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse
  21. 47. two lima-bean-sized neural clusters in the lymbic system; linked to emotion
  22. 49. the oldest part and central core of the brain, beginning where the spinal cord swells as it enters the skull; responsible for automatic survival functions
  23. 50. the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs
Down
  1. 2. a sample, autonomic response to a sensory stimulis, such as the knee-jerk response
  2. 3. a neural impulse; brief electrical charge that travels down the axon
  3. 4. the division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy
  4. 8. the body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
  5. 10. the "little brain" at the rear of the brainstem; functions include processing sensory input, coordinating movement output and balance, and enabling nonverbal learning and memory
  6. 12. chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between the neurons
  7. 14. a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
  8. 17. bundled axons that form neural cables connecting the central nervous system with the muscles, glands, and sense organs
  9. 18. the division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing the energy
  10. 19. a neurotransmitter that influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion
  11. 20. (efferent) neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and the spinal cord to the muscles and glands
  12. 22. "morphine within"- natural, opiate-like neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
  13. 23. a neurotransmitters reabsorption by the sending neuron
  14. 24. an amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity sweeping across the brains surface, measured by placing electrodes on the scalp
  15. 25. a visual display of the brains activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task
  16. 29. the base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing
  17. 31. a neurotransmitter that affects mood, hunger, sleep, and emotion
  18. 33. a nerve network that travels through the brainstem into the thalamus and plays an important role in controlling arousal
  19. 34. technique for revealing bloodflow and, therefore, brain activity by comparing successive mri scans. shows brain function as well as structure
  20. 35. neural system located below the cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions and drives(includes amygdala, hypothalamus, and hippocampus)
  21. 36. chemical messengers that are manufactured by the endocrine glands, travel through the bloodstream, and affect other tissues
  22. 38. the junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron
  23. 39. a brain imaging technique that measures magnetic fields from the brains natural electrical activity
  24. 40. branching extensions that receive and integrate messages, conducting impulses towards the cell body
  25. 41. a technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images of soft tissue, shows brain anatomy
  26. 44. the brains sensory control center, located on the top of the brainstem; it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla
  27. 48. the neuron extension that passes messages through its branches to other neurons or to muscles or glands