AP World History

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Across
  1. 6. a system by which a society ranks categories of people in a hierarchy
  2. 8. (1394-1460) Prince of Portugal who established an observatory and school of navigation at Sagres and directed voyages that spurred the growth of Portugal's colonial empire.
  3. 9. Spanish colonial system in which large landed estates (haciendas) produced agricultural goods using the labor of Indigenous people and other workers, often under exploitative conditions
  4. 12. Portuguese explorer who sailed around Africa to India in 1498, establishing a direct sea route between Europe and the Indian Ocean trade network indentured servitude coercive labor system in which people agreed to work for a set number of years in exchange for transportation, food, housing, or other benefits, after which they were generally granted their freedom
  5. 14. It gave settlers the right to tax local Native Americans or to make them work. In exchange, these settlers were supposed to protect the Native American people (but generally exploited them) and convert them to Christianity. It was a form of coercive labor.
  6. 15. a set of rigid social categories that determined not only a person's occupation, but also his or her position in society
Down
  1. 1. semi-nomadic herders of domesticated animals
  2. 2. Communities formed by escaped slaves in the Caribbean, Latin American. and the United States.
  3. 3. In Confucian thought, one of the virtues to be cultivated, a love and respect for one's parents and ancestors.
  4. 4. The common name for a major outbreak of plague that spread across Asia, North Africa, and Europe in the mid-fourteenth century in part caused by the period of unity along the Silk Road and migration of Mongols.
  5. 5. Dutch cargo ship developed in the 1600s that was designed to carry large amounts of goods cheaply with a small crew, helping the Dutch dominate maritime trade.
  6. 7. An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by strictly regulating the economy to obtain large amounts of gold and silver by selling more goods than they bought and utilizing colonies
  7. 10. took an early lead in European exploration (sponsored by Prince Henry); went East and established trading posts in West Africa, East Africa (Swahili City States) and India for spice trade.
  8. 11. A small, highly maneuverable three-masted ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish in the exploration of the Atlantic.
  9. 13. (1368-1644) It was perhaps the peak of Chinese civilization with 300 years of peace and prosperity. They improved the Grand Canal, made great porcelain, and under Yong Le encouraged exploration. They also built the Forbidden City in the capital of Beijing. After Yong Le rulers would reject exploration. The Ming would participate in the Global Silver Trade, starting in the mid-1500s, as an eager buyer of silver. However, they will be overthrown by the Manchu.