APES Unit 4 Earth Systems and resources Vocab

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Across
  1. 1. Movement of water through soil
  2. 4. Atmospheric layer above the ozone layer
  3. 6. Area where oceanic plate pushes crustal plate upwards due to the weight differences in the plates
  4. 7. Layer of soil defined by specific color or textures
  5. 12. Caused by magma rising through plates
  6. 14. Similar to parent material
  7. 16. Commonly produced at subduction zone and can release lave, ash and gases once through the ocean surface
  8. 19. Area that receives the most intense sunlight
  9. 20. Maximum amount of water vapor in the air at a given temperature
  10. 22. Fluid rock
  11. 25. The theory that the Earth is divided into plates
  12. 26. O3, reflects most but not all UVA and UVB rays from the sun
  13. 27. What we call space
  14. 28. Weather phenomena that causes rain of the windward side of mountains and dry, desert-like conditions on the leeward side
  15. 30. Earth's inner most layer composed of iron and nickel
  16. 31. Layer of Earth that contains both the solid asthenosphere and more fluid magma
  17. 32. Northern Hemisphere clockwise and Southern Hemisphere counterclockwise circulation of water
  18. 34. The Hawaiian islands is an example
  19. 35. Ability of soil to absorb and release cation
  20. 36. Rock formed from compressed muds, sands and gravels over time
  21. 38. Reflected sunlight from Earth's surface
  22. 41. Rock formed under high heat and and pressure
  23. 45. Rock formed by magma
  24. 46. Movement of rock and soil from one place to another, most generally by rain
  25. 47. Tectonic plates move past each other here
  26. 48. All land that drains into a particular stream, river, lake or wetland
  27. 49. Zone of leaching is in this horizon
  28. 50. Area where plates can have a subduction zone between oceanic and crustal plates
  29. 51. Hottest atmospheric later and contains the Northern lights
Down
  1. 2. outer part of the mantle
  2. 3. Atmospheric layer that has weather
  3. 5. Horizon composed of decomposed organic material
  4. 8. Air convection current between 30 and 60 degrees
  5. 9. Very little organic matter and high mineral material - AKA subsoil
  6. 10. Area where tectonic plates move away from each other resulting in structures like ridges
  7. 11. Precipitation high in sulfuric and nitric acid
  8. 13. Known as topsoil, with organic and minerals are mixed
  9. 15. Air convection current between 60 and 90 degrees
  10. 17. Very strong reversal of winds to normal (Western So. America to Australia) causing cooler and wetter weather along West North America
  11. 18. Contains the the solid mantle and crust
  12. 21. A place where molten material from Earth's mantle reaches the lithosphere
  13. 23. Unequal heating of the Earth causes global air movement paterns
  14. 24. Surfacing of colder, more nutritious deep ocean water to the surface as a result of diverging currents
  15. 27. A sudden movement of Earth's crust caused by the release of energy form the friction of tectonic plates as they move past each other
  16. 29. Earth's rotation causes a deflection of an objects path
  17. 33. Air convection current between 0 and 30 degrees
  18. 37. Atmospheric layer with meteors
  19. 39. Most decomposed area of matter in the O horizon
  20. 40. Soil with the texture of 40% sand, 40% silt, 20% clay; AKA perfect soil
  21. 42. Break in rock caused by movement of the Earth's surface
  22. 43. Reversal of Pacific Ocean that weaken the trades winds and causes warmer water to build up along the west coast of South America
  23. 44. Air space sizes in soil