Applied economics

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Across
  1. 2. A tax that is calculated as a percentage of a specific base amount, such as sales revenue.
  2. 4. A government or organizational initiative to develop and improve public services like transportation, utilities, and communication networks.
  3. 7. A tax imposed on certain documents, typically those related to the transfer of property or legal agreements.
  4. 9. The value of access to specific geographic areas, often used in property or real estate valuation.
  5. 10. An interest rate that changes over time based on a reference rate, such as the LIBOR (London Interbank Offered Rate).
  6. 11. The anticipation of future economic conditions or the availability of goods and services, which influences buying behavior.
  7. 13. The stock exchange in the Philippines where stocks, bonds, and other securities are traded.
  8. 14. An extension of withholding tax applied to additional income sources beyond regular wages.
  9. 15. The change in the quantity demanded or supplied due to a change in the price of the good or service.
  10. 17. The total number of individuals in a specified area or country.
  11. 18. A fixed percentage or amount charged regardless of the amount or value involved.
  12. 21. A limit on the quantity of a good that can be imported into a country over a certain period.
  13. 24. A situation where the desire for a product or service exceeds its availability at current prices.
  14. 25. A term referring to the geographical site or position of a business or asset, which can impact its value or potential for success.
  15. 26. Wealth in the form of money or assets used to generate income or facilitate production.
  16. 27. An agreement between firms to fix prices or limit competition in order to achieve a favorable market outcome.
  17. 32. A tax on an individual’s salary or income, typically withheld by an employer.
  18. 34. The process by which a government sets the lowest legal wage rate that employers can pay workers.
  19. 37. The percentage rate at which the general price level of goods and services increases over time.
  20. 39. The reduction in the value of an asset over time due to wear and tear, obsolescence, or other factors.
  21. 40. A tax reform law in the Philippines aimed at simplifying the country’s tax system and lowering income tax rates.
  22. 41. The process of facilitating learning and acquiring knowledge, skills, values, and habits.
  23. 42. A tax that is deducted at the source from an individual’s income by the employer, often for income tax purposes.
  24. 43. Legislation intended to regulate and standardize wage levels within an economy to ensure fairness and efficiency.
  25. 44. A tax on the profit made from the sale of an asset or investment.
Down
  1. 1. (VAT): A consumption tax placed on the value added to goods and services at each stage of production or distribution.
  2. 3. The portion of an individual’s or business’s income that is subject to taxation.
  3. 5. Issues related to the rental market, such as affordability, availability, and tenant-landlord relations.
  4. 6. Investments that are well-allocated and generate strong returns relative to risk.
  5. 8. A former stock exchange in Makati, Philippines, which later merged with the Manila Stock Exchange to form the Philippine Stock Exchange.
  6. 12. A tax withheld by an employer from an employee's salary as an advance payment of the employee’s income tax.
  7. 16. A line that runs parallel to the x-axis, often used in graphs to show a constant value or condition.
  8. 19. A term used to describe the percentage of available space or property that is occupied, often used in real estate markets.
  9. 20. An international organization that promotes global financial stability, facilitates international trade, and provides financial assistance to countries in need.
  10. 22. Services provided to maintain or improve individuals' health, including medical, preventive, and therapeutic care.
  11. 23. A tax deducted from an income payment that settles the taxpayer’s obligation for that income.
  12. 28. Goods that have no direct relationship in consumption or use, meaning a change in the price of one does not affect demand for the other.
  13. 29. Goods that are often consumed together, such as printers and ink.
  14. 30. The rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another.
  15. 31. Refers to investments or decisions that carry a significant chance of loss or failure.
  16. 33. Taxes imposed on imports or exports between countries, typically to protect domestic industries.
  17. 34. A place or system where buyers and sellers engage in the exchange of goods, services, or assets.
  18. 35. The ability of a company, industry, or economy to expand or increase its value over time.
  19. 36. The geographical site or setting of a business or activity.
  20. 38. A change in the demand or supply curve, caused by factors other than price.