Apush Vocab

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Across
  1. 3. Absolute Monarch: also the King of Scotland: highly religious; became King of England in 1603 when Queen Elizabeth I died. supported overseas colonization , granting a charter to the Virginia Company in 1606 for a settlement in the New World. He also cracked down on both Catholics and Puritan Separatists, prompting the latter to flee to Holland and later North America
  2. 5. Spanish fleet defeated in English channel in 1588. the defeat of the Armada marked the beginning of the decline of the Spanish Empire
  3. 6. Short term partnership between multiple investors to fund a commercial enterprise; such arrangements were used to fund England's early colonial ventures
  4. 8. Decree issues by the French crown granting limited toleration to French Protestants. Ended religious wars in France and inaugurated a period of French preeminence in Europe and across the Atlantic. It's repeal in 1685 prompted a fresh migration of Protestant Huguenots to North America
  5. 12. Bound together 5 tribes- the Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas, and the Senecas- in the Mohawk valley of what is now New York
  6. 13. The Dutch colony, located along the Hudson River area, that was established by the Dutch West India Company
  7. 14. French protestant dissenters, they were granted limited toleration under the Edict of Nantes, after King Louis XIV outlawed Protestantism in 1685, many fled elsewhere including to British North America
  8. 16. Chief of the Powhatan Confederacy and father to Pocahontas. at the time of English settlement of Jamestown 1607, he was a friend to John Smith and John Rolfe. When Smith was captured by Indians, he left Smith's fate in the hands of his warriors. His daughter saved John Smith, and the Jamestown colony. Pocahontas and John Rolfe were wed and there was a time of peace between the Indians and English until his death.
  9. 18. English Sea Captain who completed his Circumnavigation of the globe in 1580, plundering Spanish ships and settlements along the way
  10. 19. Legal principle that the oldest son inherits all family property or land. Landowner's younger sons, forced to seek their fortunes elsewhere, pioneered early exploration and settlement over the Americas
  11. 20. Series of clashes between the Powhatan Confederacy and English settlers in Virginia. English colonists torched and pillaged Indian villages, applying tactics used in England's campaigns against the Irish
  12. 21. English Adventurer who took control of Jamestown in 1608 and ensured the survival of the colony by directing gold-hungry colonists toward more productive tasks. also established ties with Powhatan Indians through the Chiefs daughter. Pocahontas who had "saved him" from a mock execution the previous year
  13. 22. legal document granted by a government to some group or agency to implement a stated purpose, and spelling out the attending nights and obligations. British colonial charters granted inhabitants all the rights of englishmen, which helped solidify colonists' ties to Britain during the early years of settlement
  14. 23. Sir Walter Raleigh's failed colonial settlement off the coast of North Carolina
Down
  1. 1. English joint-stock company that received a charter from King James I that allowed it to found the Virginia colony
  2. 2. Aztec emperor defeated and killed by Hernando Cortes
  3. 4. Franciscan priest who established a chain of missions along the california coast, beginning in San Diego in 1769,with the aim of Christianizing and civilizing native peoples
  4. 6. first permanent English settlement in North America founded by the Virginia Company
  5. 7. Protestant queen of England whose forty-five year reign from 1558 to 1603 firmly secured the Anglican Church and inaugurated a period of maritime exploration and conquest. Never having married, she was dubbed the "virgin queen" by her contemporaries
  6. 9. translated as "runners of the woods" they were French fur-trappers, also known as voyageurs who established trading posts throughout North America. the fur trade wreaked havoc on the health and folkways of their Native American trading partners
  7. 10. Frenchman who followed the Mississippi river all the way to the golf of Mexico, claiming the region for France and naming it Louisiana in honor of King LouisXIV
  8. 11. Italian explorer who led the English expedition in 1497 that discovered the mainland of North America and explored the coast of Nova Scotia to Newfoundland
  9. 15. Movement to reform the Catholic Church launched in Germany by Martin Luther. Reformers questioned the authority of the Pope, sought to eliminate the selling of indulgences, and encouraged the translation of the Bible from Latin, which could read at the time. Spread to England in the 1530s when Henry VIII broke with the Catholic Church
  10. 17. English Courtier and adventurer who sponsored the failed settlements of North Carolina's Roanoke Island in 1585 and 1587. Once a favorite of Elizabeth I helped out a favor with the Virgin Queen after secretly marrying one of her maids in honor. He continued his colonial pursuits until 1618 when he was executed for treason