APUSH Vocab: Chapter 1

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Across
  1. 4. Aztec emperor defeated and killed by Spanish conquistador Hernando Cortez
  2. 7. Spanish soldier and commander; led an expedition in 1540 to Arizona; searching for legendary Seven Cities of Gold but only found Adobe pueblos
  3. 9. Spanish government's policy to give Indians to colonists to Christianize them
  4. 11. Agricultural system, employed by North American Indians as early as 1000 AD; maize, beans, and squash were grown together to maximized yields
  5. 12. Frenchman who followed the Mississippi Rover all the way to the Gulf of Mexico, claiming the region for France and naming it Louisiana in honor of King Louis XIV
  6. 13. Indian slave woman who was an interpreter for Hernan Cortez on his conquest of the Aztecs
  7. 14. Spanish explorer who conquered the Incas in what is now Peru and founded the city of Lime (1475-1541)
  8. 15. Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico
  9. 17. Mississippian settlement near present-day East St. Louis, home to as many as 25,000 Native Americans
  10. 21. First part of the American landmass to emerge above sea level
  11. 23. Spanish missionary who worked to abolish the encomienda system and documented the mistreatment of the Indians in Spanish colonies
  12. 24. People of mixed Indian and European heritage, notably in Mexico
  13. 25. Native American empire in present-day Mexico until they were conquered by Hernan Cortes in 1521
  14. 26. Small vessel with high decks and three triangular sails; could sail closely into wind, allowing European sailors to explore western shores of Africa
  15. 27. Economic system characterized by private property, generally free trade, and open and accessible markets
Down
  1. 1. Societies in which political legitimacy and authority overlay a large degree of cultural commonality
  2. 2. Signed by Spain and Portugal, dividing territories of the New World
  3. 3. "Sad Night" when Aztecs attacked Hernan Cortes and his forces in Aztec capital, Tenochitlan, killing hundreds
  4. 5. South American civilization in present-day Peru until it was conquered by Spanish forces under Francisco Pizarro in 1532
  5. 6. King and Queen of a united Spain in late 15th century
  6. 8. Pueblo Indian rebellion that drove Spanish settlers from New Mexico
  7. 10. Genoese explorer who discovered the West Indies in 1492 while in search of a new water route to Asia
  8. 16. 16th century Spaniards who fanned out across the Americas, from Colorado to Argentina, eventually conquering the Aztec and Incan Empires
  9. 18. Italian explorer who led English expedition in 1497 that discovered the mainland of North America and explored the coast from Noza Scotia to Newfoundland
  10. 19. False notion that Spanish conquerors did little but butcher the Indians and steal their gold in the name of Christ
  11. 20. The transfer of goods, crops, and diseases between New and Old World societies after 1492
  12. 22. A large-scale agricultural enterprise growing commercial crops and usually employing coerced or slave labor
  13. 23. Fought between Spaniards under Don Juan de Onate and Pueblo Indians in present-day New Mexico; Spaniards won and established New Mexico in 1609