Archaeological Conservation and Preservation
Across
- 6. Archaeologists and civilians often find ____________ of artefacts, which are goods that were buried in the ground by people fleeing a conflict and who never had the chance to return to salvage their items.
- 7. Layers of ____________ ash, mud, silt and sand can all preserve the artefacts buried beneath them.
- 11. Archaeological evidence is often preserved in peat ____________ and marshes where acids in the soil prevent decay.
- 12. Because so many artefacts have been lost, archaeologists must understand that their interpretations of the past are limited by ____________.
- 13. Archaeologists often find artefacts at ____________ sites because hidden tombs have protected goods and bodies from grave robbers.
- 14. Dry climates in desert regions ____________ artefacts because the heat and absence of moisture prevent decay.
- 16. Air pollution from traffic emissions and factories can create ____________ rain, which destroys ancient stonework.
- 18. The discovery of hoards is often ____________, for example by farmers ploughing their fields.
- 20. Fire can transform perishable objects like clay and grain into a ____________ form, preserving it well.
- 21. Both the natural environment and the actions of ____________ are responsible for the destruction of artefacts.
- 22. Very cold and icy climates provide perfect conditions for preserving organic material like human ____________.
- 26. The effects of the climate, such as heat, cold, wind and rain, can also lead to the ____________ of artefacts.
Down
- 1. During a war, archaeological sites are often ____________.
- 2. Many artefacts have been lost through the natural process of ____________ over centuries.
- 3. The chemicals of a plant can react with the ____________ in the soil to the prevent decay of buried artefacts.
- 4. During the second Gulf War, civilians stole a priceless collection of artefacts from the ____________ museum.
- 5. It is likely that many more sources have been ____________ over time than preserved by archaeologists.
- 8. The ____________ of roads, skyscrapers, housing developments and shopping malls destroys the archaeological evidence that lays beneath.
- 9. Rats, mice, insects, fungi and bacteria can all eat and destroy ____________ remains.
- 10. Artefacts made of stone, brick, flint, gold, bronze and clay typically ____________ well.
- 15. The Bamiyan buddhas of Afghanistan, dating to the 4th and 5th Centuries AD, were destroyed by the ____________ by using dynamite.
- 17. Organic materials, human and animal remains, textiles, papyrus and paper usually ____________ rapidly.
- 19. Floods, earthquakes, land subsidence (sinking land) and volcanoes are examples of natural ____________ that have destroyed archaeological evidence.
- 23. ____________ is a brown material like soil, made from decomposing vegetable matter in wet and acidic conditions.
- 24. Plants can cause deterioration of artefacts because they grow and their roots crack stonework.
- 25. Modern mass ____________ is a major cause of the damage and destruction of historic sites.