Ariel Clincy, 1/8/25, BIO 311B, Chapter 5 Vocab Crossword Puzzle

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Across
  1. 1. The movement of substances across a cell membrane without the need for energy.
  2. 4. Transport compounds around the cell and helps maintain the cell’s shape; processes fats and breaks down toxic substances in liver cells.
  3. 7. A non-pigmented cellular organelle found in plant cells whose functions include strong scratches, lipids, and proteins.
  4. 8. The cellular organelle that processes and packages proteins in preparation for secreting them from a cell.
  5. 11. One of the fundamental models of biology that states that cells are the smallest form of life, come from preexisting cells, are the basic building block of all life forms, and carry out life processes to maintain homeostasis.
  6. 12. A cellular organelle found in plant cells that contains the pigment chlorophyll and is the site where photosynthesis takes place.
  7. 14. The plant-like organism in kingdom Chromista, such as algae.
  8. 15. Structures found within the cytoplasm of cells that perform the various functions cells need to stay alive.
  9. 16. The structure within cells that helps define their shape, maintains internal organization, and aids in division and movement.
  10. 17. A cellular signaling mechanism in which the product of a particular process enhances the process itself.
  11. 18. Extension of the cytoskeleton; often covers an entire cell or a portion of a cell; shooter than flagella; propel the cell through its environment; move particles pas the cell, such as moving mucus out of the lungs, into the throat, and down to the stomach.
  12. 26. The two layers of phospholipids that make up the cell membrane.
  13. 27. An organelle in plant cells that holds materials and helps maintain the cell’s shape through turgor pressure.
  14. 29. A stack of disk-shaped thylakoids within a chloroplast.
  15. 31. A group of two or more organs working together to perform a particular function.
  16. 32. A cellular organelle that contains digestive enzymes.
  17. 36. A type of passive transport in which substances can move across a cell membrane through special protein channels embedded in the membrane.
  18. 38. The cellular organelle in which aerobic respiration takes place to release energy from food.
  19. 39. The movement of substances across a cell membrane from regions of low concentration to regions of high concentration by any means that requires the use of energy.
  20. 40. The diffusion of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane.
  21. 42. An organism consisting of two or more cells and whose cells may not live independently apart from the organism.
  22. 43. A spherical structure within a eukaryotic cell’s nucleus where ribosomes are manufactured.
Down
  1. 2. (1) The membrane-bound region of a eukaryotic cell that contains the genetic material. (2) The central portion of an atom where protons and neutrons are located.
  2. 3. The internal balance within the systems of living organisms that must be kept stable in order to maintain life. Processes that maintain homeostasis include getting nutrition, expelling wastes, and responding to the environment.
  3. 5. A thin layer of phospholipids and proteins that defines the boundary of a cell.
  4. 6. A structure made of two or more tissues that work together to perform a particular function.
  5. 9. Describes cells lacking a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
  6. 10. Describes a solution whose solute concentration is less than the solute concentration of the cytoplasm in a cell.
  7. 12. (1) Individual organism of the same species living closely together. (2) A group of cells that live and work together. Unlike in a multicellular organism, cells in a colony may break away and survive on their own.
  8. 13. Transport compounds around the cell and helps maintain the cell’s shape; processes fats and breaks down toxic substances in liver cells.
  9. 19. Describes a solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute concentration of cytoplasm in a cell.
  10. 20. Describes a solution whose solute concentration is greater than the solute concentration of the cytoplasm in a cell.
  11. 21. A cellular organelle that functions in the organization of microtubules.
  12. 22. The non-membrane-bound region in prokaryotic cell that contains most of the genetic material.
  13. 23. An organism consisting of only one cell.
  14. 24. A whip-like cellular organelle similar in structure to a cilium but longer and used primarily for movement in many bacteria.
  15. 25. A protective coating found outside the cell walls of many bacteria.
  16. 28. The cellular organelle that directs the protein building process.
  17. 30. A cellular signaling mechanism in which the product of a particular process inhibits the process itself.
  18. 33. Describes cells having a true nucleus as well as membrane-bound organelles.
  19. 34. A group of cells that are specialized to perform a particular function.
  20. 35. The pressure exerted by water in a full central vacuole upon the cytoplasm and cell membrane o f plant cell; maintain plant rigidity.
  21. 37. A thick fluid inside cells that contain the organelles. Also called the cytosol.
  22. 41. Wall A rigid structure made by cells of plants, fungi, and most bacteria to surround the cell membrane.