Astronomy Extra Credit

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Across
  1. 2. Three laws that describe the motion of planets around the Sun.
  2. 6. When the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun, blocking all or part of the Sun's light.
  3. 10. The device that was created that started the astronomical revolution of research and observation
  4. 11. An optical instrument that gathers and magnifies light to observe distant objects.
  5. 13. A small rock or particle in space.
  6. 14. A vast system of stars, gas, and dust bound together by gravity.
  7. 16. The increase in the illuminated part of the Moon or a planet.
  8. 17. An American astronomer who played a crucial role in the development of the Big Bang Theory and the concept of an expanding universe.
  9. 26. Electromagnetic radiation with longer wavelengths than visible light, often used in astronomical observations to detect heat.
  10. 27. When the Earth passes between the Sun and the Moon, causing the Earth's shadow to fall on the Moon.
  11. 29. The visible surface of a star, including the Sun, where energy is emitted as light.
  12. 30. The region around a planet that protects the atmosphere from solar winds
  13. 31. A highly magnetized, rotating neutron star that emits beams of electromagnetic radiation.
  14. 34. Giant A large, cool star in the later stages of its life cycle.
  15. 35. Less than half illuminated Moon or planet.
  16. 36. A group of stars forming a recognizable pattern in the sky.
  17. 39. The process by which two atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy.
  18. 40. composed mostly of gas, including Jupiter and Saturn.
  19. 41. A highly dense remnant of a massive star's core after a supernova explosion, composed mostly of neutrons.
  20. 45. A natural light display in the Earth's sky, predominantly seen in high-latitude regions.
  21. 47. A system comprising the Sun and the celestial bodies that orbit it, including planets, moons, and asteroids.
  22. 49. Moon The Moon phase where the entire face is visible from Earth.
  23. 50. Unit (AU) The average distance from the Earth to the Sun, approximately 93 million miles (150 million kilometers).
  24. 51. A celestial object consisting of a nucleus of ice and dust that develops a bright, fuzzy tail when near the Sun.
  25. 52. Rocky planets, including Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.
  26. 54. The scientific study of celestial objects such as stars, planets, and galaxies.
  27. 55. A Danish astronomer known for his accurate and comprehensive astronomical observations.
  28. 56. Moon The Moon phase where the side facing Earth is not visible.
  29. 57. A planet that orbits a star outside our solar system.
  30. 59. Relating to the space between stars, often containing gas, dust, and cosmic rays.
Down
  1. 1. A space telescope launched into low Earth orbit, providing clear images of distant galaxies and nebulae.
  2. 3. The change in frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to an observer moving relative to the source of the wave.
  3. 4. More than half but less than fully illuminated Moon or planet.
  4. 5. The apparent shift in the position of an object when viewed from different angles.
  5. 7. The name given to the moon when it is at its closest orbital path from Earth
  6. 8. A hypothetical region of space containing a large number of comets, located far beyond the orbit of Pluto.
  7. 9. Having the Earth at the center, as in the geocentric model of the solar system.
  8. 12. Having the Sun at the center, as in the heliocentric model of the solar system.
  9. 15. The prevailing cosmological model that explains the origin of the universe.
  10. 18. Hole A region of spacetime exhibiting gravitational acceleration so strong that nothing—no particles or even electromagnetic radiation—can escape from it.
  11. 19. The different appearances of the Moon or a planet as seen from Earth during its orbit.
  12. 20. The obscuring of one celestial body by another, such as a solar or lunar eclipse.
  13. 21. Pertaining to the sky or the heavens.
  14. 22. A meteoroid that enters the Earth's atmosphere and burns up due to friction with the air, also known as a shooting star.
  15. 23. The study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation, particularly used to analyze the composition of celestial objects.
  16. 24. The path an object takes around another, often used to describe the path of planets around the Sun.
  17. 25. A Renaissance mathematician and astronomer who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than the Earth at the center.
  18. 28. A meteoroid that survives its journey through Earth's atmosphere and lands on the Earth's surface.
  19. 32. A small rocky body that orbits the Sun, typically found in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.
  20. 33. A luminous celestial object consisting of a mass of gas that generates light and heat through nuclear reactions.
  21. 37. The god name that is given to the new NASA Moon/Mars missions
  22. 38. A cloud of gas and dust in space, often the birthplace of stars.
  23. 42. A hypothetical form of matter that is believed to make up approximately 85% of the matter in the universe.
  24. 43. The decrease in the illuminated part of the Moon or a planet.
  25. 44. A celestial body that orbits the Sun, is spherical in shape, and has cleared its orbit of other debris.
  26. 46. An explosive event that occurs during the death throes of a massive star.
  27. 48. A small, dense remnant of a star that has exhausted the nuclear fuel in its core.
  28. 50. The god name that was given to the NASA moon missions
  29. 53. The force that attracts objects with mass towards each other.
  30. 58. year The distance that light travels in one year, approximately 5.88 trillion miles (9.46 trillion kilometers).