Auditory System
Across
- 2. The stapedius is innervated by a branch of the _______ nerve
- 4. The connection between the two perilymphatic ducts
- 9. Central region of the bony labyrinth
- 10. waves ___________ _______ cause the tympanic membrane to vibrate
- 11. Key structure in auditory system
- 14. Stapes, ______, and incus
- 15. Sensory area of the cochlear duct
- 16. Involuntary muscle contraction in response to high-intensity sound stimuli
- 19. The membrane at the end of the external auditory canal
- 20. Surgery to correct conduction deafness
- 22. The hair cells in the apical aspect of the membrane respond to _________ frequencies
- 24. The ear drum
- 26. Type of hearing test
- 27. Nerve that passes electrical signal to brainstem
- 28. Another name for otosclerosis
- 34. Fluid accumulation in the middle ear
- 37. Auditory afferents fire _______________
- 39. Medial olivocochlear neurons fire at greatest rates when sound levels are _______
- 41. One of the most important sensations
- 43. Larger hair cell
- 44. _____ is conserved throughout much of the auditory system
- 45. Loudness is the perceived ________ of a sound
Down
- 1. The outer hair cells receive ________ fibers
- 3. Converts sound waves into electrical signals
- 5. The middle ear and nasopharynx connect via the _____________ ______
- 6. The process of converting sound waves into electrical signals
- 7. The organ of Corti contains _______ rows of hair cells
- 8. The point of maximum displacement within the basilar membrane is determined by the sound __________
- 10. For higher frequencies, __________ coding is important.
- 12. The time taken for one complete cycle of a sine wave
- 13. The highness or lowness of a sound
- 17. 250 -4000 Hz is the frequency range of _______ ________
- 18. Bone disease when stapes fuses to oval window
- 21. When the cilia bend toward the tallest cilia, the ________ channels are opened
- 23. Part of brain that allows for interpretation of the spoken word
- 25. ________ triggers the release of the transmitter
- 29. The pinna or auricle is the _______ ear
- 30. Loss of hearing at birth can affect _______
- 31. The tensor tympani is innervated by a branch of the _________ nerve
- 32. The receptive end organ for hearing
- 33. Sound is produced by _________
- 35. The vestibule and semicircular canals respond to ______________
- 36. Ringing noise in the ear
- 38. The cavities of the bony labyrinth are filled with _________
- 40. For lower frequencies, ________ coding is important
- 42. The middle ear has ______ bones