Back to basics

2. – A beam anchored at only one end, often used in bridges and balconies.
5. – A type of load that does not change over time, such as the weight of the structure itself.
7. – A vertical structural element that transfers loads to the foundation.
8. – A temporary structure used to support workers and materials during construction.
9. – A flat, horizontal structural element used to support floors or roofs.
11. – The branch of civil engineering that deals with soil behavior and foundation design.
14. – A wall built to hold back soil or water, often used in road construction.
16. – A type of bridge supported by cables suspended from towers.
18. – A force that pulls or stretches a material.
19. – The intersection point of two or more structural members.
20. – A force that pushes or shortens a material.

1. – A measure of a material's ability to resist deformation under load.
3. – A structure built to span physical obstacles like rivers or valleys.
4. – The process of removing groundwater or surface water from a construction site.
6. – The process of determining the internal forces and stresses in a structure.
7. – A composite material made of cement, water, and aggregates, widely used in construction.
10. – A joint designed to accommodate movement due to temperature changes.
12. – A horizontal structural member that resists bending under load.
13. – A vertical load-bearing element often used in bridges and high-rise buildings.
15. – A deep foundation element driven into the ground to support heavy loads.
17. – A type of stress that causes layers of material to slide past each other.