Benchmark Vocabulary Review - Middle East
Across
- 5. The raising of plants and animals
- 7. Belief that holy books should be taken literally, word for word
- 9. Discrimination against Jews
- 10. Block of rock and soil that makes up Earth’s crust
- 11. Beliefs about what is right and wrong
- 12. Persian governor
- 14. A region with good conditions for growing crops that stretches from the Mediterranean coast east through Mesopotamia (modern Iraq) to the Persian Gulf.
- 15. A messenger of God
- 18. Religious wars in which Christian soldiers from Europe aimed to stop the spread of Islam and to retake control of Palestine, also called the Holy Land
- 19. A ruler from a traditional ruling family who is the son, daughter, or younger relative of the last ruler
- 22. Place were most people live in cities
- 23. An underground layer where water collects
- 24. Hot, dry winds that blow across Iran from west to east
- 25. Iranian legislature
- 26. Belief that policies and society should follow Islamic law
- 28. The belief in a single God
- 31. Tunnel that provides water to Persian villages by bringing water from an aquifer
- 33. Culture with a written language in which people have many different kinds of jobs
Down
- 1. Title for high-ranking Shia Muslim leaders in Iran
- 2. Name taken by Mustafa Kemal, the founder of modern Turkey, meaning “Father of the Turks”
- 3. Holy book of Islam
- 4. Persian word for king
- 5. The killing of 1.5 million Armenians in the Ottoman Empire in 1915-1918
- 6. Muslims’ political and religious leader
- 8. Arabic word meaning “struggle”
- 10. A democracy in which parliament chooses the government
- 11. Starting a business
- 13. An Iranian religion that dates back to ancient times
- 16. Narrow body of water that cuts through land, connecting two larger bodies of water
- 17. Situation when large numbers of educated people migrate out of a country
- 18. Religious leader
- 20. Removal of salt from seawater
- 21. Self-governing religious community in the Ottoman Empire
- 27. Islamic house of worship
- 29. A dry area that forms behind a highland that captures rainfall and snow
- 30. A government controlled by one person who has not won a free election
- 32. Concealing, baggy garments worn by many Arab women