BHS 316 Week 3 Study Tool Discussion

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Across
  1. 8. Pathogen that is not technically considered a living organism. Contains DNA or RNA, proteins, and occasionally lipids. Life cycle consists of 6 stages.
  2. 9. Contains no nucleus or any membrane-bound organelles.
  3. 10. Form of additional protection that consists of linked sugars and amino acids.
  4. 12. Cell formation in the blood.
  5. 14. Type of immune cell with branch-like extensions that captures, processes, and presents antigens to other immune cells.
  6. 17. Also known as red blood cells. Contain hemoglobin protein to transport oxygen throughout the body.
  7. 19. Lipid-sugar molecule that is located on the outermost surface of gram-negative bacteria.
  8. 20. Single-celled organism that are considered prokaryotes. Do not have any membrane-bound organelles or nucleus and can be a variety of shapes.
  9. 21. Form of immunity that is developed over time and based on exposure to pathogens/antigens. Specialized and has immunological memory.
  10. 22. Phagocytic and antigen-presenting. Mature into one of two cell types and do not contain granules. These circulate only in the blood.
Down
  1. 1. Also known as white blood cells but also serves as broad term for any cell that is not a red blood cell. Produced in the bone marrow and are essential for defending the body against infections, foreign substances, and abnormal cells.
  2. 2. Process where unspecialized or undifferentiated cells undergo specific changes to become specialized cells with distinct functions.
  3. 3. Form of immunity that serves as the first line of defense and does not require prior exposure. Also known as nonspecific/natural immunity. that begins at birth
  4. 4. Membrane-bound organelle that is found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. Contains hydrolytic enzymes that can break down foreign substances.
  5. 5. Microorganism that can cause disease in its host organism.
  6. 6. Contains nuclei and membrane-bound organelles.
  7. 7. Fluid that used to be interstitial fluid. Moves using gravity and muscle movement.
  8. 11. Acquisition of specific structures and functions by cells, tissues, or organs to perform particular roles within an organism.
  9. 13. Process that allows certain cells to engulf and destroy foreign substances.
  10. 15. Are also classified as leukocytes. Term refers to three classes of cells in the adaptive immune system.
  11. 16. Type of white blood cell that functions to engulf and digest foreign substances/pathogens. Can signal cytokines to influence overall immune response.
  12. 18. Name for basophils, neutrophils, and eosinophils. Can kill/damage pathogens after being released.