Big Bang Theory

3. Astronomer who found relationship between galaxy’s redshift and its distance from Earth
4. Objects moving away have their wavelengths lengthened, towards red in visible spectrum
6. Mass that cannot be seen, does not emit light, most abundant form of matter in universe
10. Objects moving towards an observer have their wavelengths shortened, towards the blue
11. Dark matter forms huge spherical shape of this type around galaxies
12. Term for the way space is changing in between galaxies, and in the universe as a whole
14. Change in wavelength of moving objects relative to a stationary observer.
16. Hoyle’s early idea that universe did not begin, will not end, and does not change
17. Wavelength of cosmic background radiation ‘noise’ from all directions of space
18. Rate of expansion of universe is this characteristic of line on graph

1. Speed of a galaxy is proportional to the galaxy’s distance from Earth
2. Astronomer who first use ‘big bang theory’ term, originally as an insult
5. Most of mass and energy in universe, causing expansion to accelerate, stabilizing force
7. universe began 13.8 billion years ago, from incredibly small, dense to rapid expansion
8. Patterns of colours and lines produced in a spectroscope, unique to each element
9. Matter we can see, including stars, planets and galaxies, emits light
13. Nearest galaxy to ours, stars moving faster than predicted, suggested ‘dark matter’ present
15. Study of the universe and its changes over time