bio 2 review

Across

7. membrane the eardrum, a thin membrane that separates the outer ear from the middle ear and vibrates in response to sound waves.
9. An animal of a large group distinguished by possessing a backbone or spinal column.
11. The female reproductive organ of a flower, typically consisting of the stigma, style, and ovary.
13. The main photosynthetic organ of vascular plants, responsible for capturing sunlight and exchanging gases.
15. relating to or characteristic of mammals that give birth to relatively developed young, nourished during gestation through a placenta.
18. The reproductive structure found in flowering plants, typically containing petals, sepals, stamens, and pistils.
20. A reproductive cell or multi-cellular structure capable of developing into a new individual without fusion with another reproductive cell.
23. A type of tree that produces cones and has needle-like leaves.
25. The main root of a plant that grows straight down.
28. The second highest taxonomic rank in the classification of living organisms, below domain.
31. the process of transformation from an immature form to an adult form in two or more distinct stages.
34. the science of classification, especially of living organisms, based on shared characteristics.
35. A principal taxonomic category that ranks above class and below kingdom.
36. Vascular tissue in plants that transports food from leaves to other parts of the plant.
37. The protective outer covering of woody plants, consisting of several layers that help protect the plant.
38. The process by which a seed begins to grow and develop into a new plant.
41. a type of seed plant that includes conifers, cycads, and ginkgo, with seeds not enclosed within an ovary.
43. The part of the stamen that produces and releases pollen.
44. a type of flowering plant characterized by having two seed leaves or cotyledons in the seed, net-veined leaves, and flower parts in multiples of four or five.
49. a marine invertebrate species characterized by their radial symmetry, usually featuring spiny skins and a water vascular system, including starfish and sea urchins.
50. Vascular tissue in plants that transports water and minerals from roots to stems and leaves.
51. a type of flowering plant characterized by having one seed leaf or cotyledon in the seed, parallel-veined leaves, and flower parts in multiples of three.
52. fish a class of fish characterized by having a skeleton made of cartilage rather than bone, such as sharks and rays.
55. A period when a plant's growth and activity slow down due to environmental conditions.
56. The process by which water is absorbed by plants from the roots and then released as water vapor through small openings in the leaves called stomata.
57. the process by which a plant grows from a seed.
58. Plants that lack vascular tissues for transporting water and nutrients.

Down

1. an external skeleton that supports and protects an animal's body.
2. A skeleton inside the body, typically made of bone or cartilage.
3. The transfer of pollen from the male part of a plant to the female part of the same or another plant, allowing fertilization to occur.
4. The central core of certain plant stems composed of spongy tissue, often involved in storing and transporting nutrients.
5. The first root that comes out of a plant seed when germinating.
6. A taxonomic rank used to group related organisms together, below order and above genus.
8. An invertebrate with a soft body, often covered by a hard shell, like snails and clams.
10. Plants that have specialized tissues for transporting water and nutrients, such as xylem and phloem.
11. The fine powdery substance containing male gametes that is produced by the anthers of seed-bearing plants.
12. The main body or stalk of a plant that supports the leaves, flowers, and fruits.
14. A green pigment in plant cells responsible for photosynthesis.
15. The process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll, carbon dioxide, and water.
16. a plastid in plant cells that contains chlorophyll and is involved in photosynthesis.
17. A taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms, below class and above family.
19. the branch of zoology devoted to the study of fish.
21. An animal that is dependent on external sources of body heat.
22. The kingdom that includes all animals.
24. An animal lacking a backbone, such as insects, worms, and mollusks.
26. The first leaf or pair of leaves in a plant seed.
27. The class of warm-blooded vertebrates, which includes mammals.
29. A layer of plant tissue that produces new cells for growth.
30. a flowering plant that produces seeds enclosed within an ovary, including most trees, shrubs, herbs, and flowering plants.
32. Small openings on the surface of leaves that allow for gas exchange.
33. The branch of zoology concerned with the study of amphibians and reptiles.
39. a class of cold-blooded vertebrates that includes frogs, toads, newts, and salamanders, typically having an aquatic larval stage and a terrestrial adult stage.
40. A type of mammal characterized by giving birth to relatively undeveloped young that then complete their development in a pouch on the mother's body.
42. A primitive type of mammal that lays eggs, such as the platypus and echidna.
45. An animal of the phylum Chordata, characterized by a notochord at some stage of development.
46. A class of cold-blooded vertebrates that includes snakes, lizards, turtles, and crocodiles.
47. The male reproductive organ of a flower, typically consisting of an anther and a filament.
48. The part of the flower's female reproductive organ that contains the ovules and develops into a fruit after fertilization.
53. A flowering plant's unit of reproduction that can grow into a new plant when planted.
54. fish a class of fish with skeletons made of bone, such as trout, salmon, and bass.