BIO 202 Ch 14: Disorders in Immunity

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Across
  1. 1. a type I hypersensitivity involving intense itchiness, redness and dryness of the skin. atopic dermatitis is the most common form.
  2. 3. asthma, hay fever, anaphylaxis, and common allergies all fall under this type of hypersensitivity, which is IgE mediated.
  3. 9. this is a type of antigen. household products, cosmetics, foods, and drugs could be classified as this.
  4. 10. asthma involves severe ___.
  5. 13. these cells are heavily involved in type I allergies. found in large quantities in lungs, skin, GI tract, and genitourinary tract.
  6. 14. in type III hypersensitivities, soluble antigens and antibodies (IgM and IgG) react to deposit these in body tissues.
  7. 15. these respiratory membranes are targeted by the allergens that cause hay fever.
  8. 17. self-recognition is most likely when an organ donor is ___ related to the recipient.
  9. 18. one way to treat/prevent a type I allergy is to ___ the action of lymphocytes, mast cells, or chemical mediators.
  10. 20. disorder in which antibody/streptococcal antigen complexes settle in the kidney and cause damage. specifically involves Streptococcus pyrogenes (a Group A Strep).
  11. 22. the most profuse and fast-acting allergic mediator. Causes small bronchi constriction, blood vessel dilation, and eosinophil degranulation.
  12. 24. viruses can alter surface receptors of host cells and cause autoimmune issues, as is the case with this virus.
  13. 25. a compromised gut ___ is another potential cause of autoimmune disease.
  14. 26. this type of marker is crucial in determining the success or failure of an organ transplant.
  15. 27. these molecules cause inflammation when IgE binds to mast cells, causing the cells to degranulate.
  16. 28. disorder characterized by a butterfly-shaped rash on the face. also known as SLE.
  17. 31. clicking, bubbling, or rattling sounds in the lungs.
  18. 32. children who grow up in a rural, agricultural setting frequently have lower incidences of these.
  19. 35. Rh factor compatibility issues in pregnancy are an example of this type of hypersensitivity.
  20. 36. this hypothesis states that industrialized society has created indoor environments where humans are exposed to a limited number of microbes.
  21. 37. this kind of venom can induce a sudden, overwhelming release of chemicals into blood and tissues. antibiotic injectants could cause a similar reaction.
  22. 39. this kind of pneumonia is a frequent killer of AIDS patients. caused by Pneunmocystis carinii.
  23. 40. controlled, gradual exposure to an allergen with the hopes of resetting the allergic reaction.
  24. 43. synonymous with hyposensitivity. describes an immune system which is incompletely developed, suppressed, or destroyed.
  25. 44. this portion of the us population is affected by airborne allergens.
  26. 45. infection, malnutrition, chemotherapy, and radiation are the four general agents causing this kind of immunodeficiency disease.
  27. 47. an exaggerated immune response which causes manifests as significant inflammation.
  28. 49. synonymous with overreactivity. tissues are attacked by immune components which can't distinguish one's own tissue compared to foreign material.
  29. 50. most recognized infection-induced immunodeficiency. involve the depletion of helper T cells and immune responses.
  30. 51. in some immunodeficiency diseases, these are present but do not function normally. in other diseases, they are not present at all.
Down
  1. 2. allergies that enter via the cutaneous membrane.
  2. 4. clustering of disease within families shows that this is a potential cause of autoimmune disease.
  3. 5. type IV hypersensitivities are mainly T cell-mediated, and are therefore known as ___ hypersensitivities.
  4. 6. this type of hypersensitivity involves complement-assisted destruction (lysis) of cells by IgG and IgM. not an immune dysfunction!
  5. 7. these macromolecules tend to be more allergenic than the other types.
  6. 8. the respiratory tract is the portal of entry for this kind of allergen. airborne pollen, dust, dander, fungal spores.
  7. 9. a systemic reaction which obstructs the airway and can cause circulatory collapse. potentially fatal.
  8. 11. this type of cell accounts for the majority of damage caused in graft/organ rejection. these cells respond within two weeks of transplantation.
  9. 12. these cells are recruited during asthmatic reactions.
  10. 16. allergens which cause food allergies.
  11. 19. predominant consequences of immunodeficiencies are recurrent, overwhelming infections by this kind of microbe.
  12. 21. a chronic, localized allergy such as asthma or hay fever.
  13. 23. primary immunodeficiencies diseases are often due to this kind of abnormality.
  14. 29. drug used to prevent hemolytic disease of the newborn.
  15. 30. drugs, vaccines, and bee venom are all classified as these.
  16. 33. autoantibodies form immune complexes and lead to debilitating damage of the joints in this kind of arthritis (type III hypersensitivity).
  17. 34. hay fever is the generic term for allergic ___. involves airborne allergens or inhalants, or seasonal pollen or molds.
  18. 38. skin testing, used to detect precise atopic or anaphylactic sensitivities, is this sort of method.
  19. 41. one way to prevent type I allergies from happening. Not always practical or realistic.
  20. 42. the study of diseased states associated with overreactivity and underreactivity of the immune response.
  21. 45. this disease involves the malfunction of both B and T cells. Think David Vetter ("Bubble Boy").
  22. 46. this disease, characterized by a papular, peeling skin rash, involves a graft rejecting the cells of a host. occurs within 100-300 days of the graft.
  23. 48. 70% of microbial immune system training occurs here.