BIO CH 4 Cell Energy Vocab

2. process that does not require oxygen
8. Reaction a reaction of photosynthesis that uses ATP, NADPH, and carbon dioxide to make high-energy sugars
10. fermentation the anaerobic process by which yeasts and other microorganisms break down sugars to form carbon dioxide and ethanol
12. Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy.
14. the breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid.
15. acid fermentation A series of anaerobic chemical reactions using pyruvic acid that supplies energy when oxygen is scarce
16. cycle second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions
17. Synthase Large protein that uses energy from H+ ions to bind ADP and a phosphate group together to produce ATP

1. cycle a biochemical pathway of photosynthesis in which carbon dioxide is converted into glucose using ATP
3. Main energy source that cells use for their work
4. A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast
5. Reaction reactions of photosynthesis that use energy from light
6. The compound that remains when releasing energy
7. process that requires oxygen
9. respiration Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
11. Green pigment that absorbs sunlight
13. Transport Chain A sequence of electron carrier molecules (membrane proteins) that shuttle electrons during the redox reactions that release energy used to make ATP.